Linux Programming Languages

I looked at my "Linux Essentials" and found a daring ommission.

No mention of Python and computer languages.

No panic.

Thanks to Google Blog site, I had collected tits and bits about  Linux Programming languages

15 of them are reproduced below. 

Gambas

Gambas is a free development environment based on a Basic interpreter with object extensions, a bit like Visual Basic™ (but it is NOT a clone !). Read the introduction for more information.

With Gambas, you can quickly design your program GUI with QT or GTK+, access MySQL, PostgreSQL, Firebird, ODBC and SQLite databases, pilot KDE applications with DCOP, translate your program into any language, create network applications easily, make 3D OpenGL applications, make CGI web applications, and many more robust work

The Gambas project aims at making a graphical development environment based on a Basic interpreter, so that the language is as easy as Visual Basic under Linux but much better and less bugs.

The phenomenal quantity of bugs and inconsistencies in Visual Basic had persuaded developer me to start a fresh project. It seems that Microsoft was aware of the poor quality of its language, as VB, dot-Net (.Net) was not made backward compatible with older versions of Visual Basic.

Gambas does not try to be compatible with Visual Basic, and will never be. Its syntax and internals are far better than the one's seen in its proprietary cousin.

The author who had very good understanding of Visual Basic from childhood, took from Visual Basic, the Basic language, the development environment and the user interfaces and dropped the bad practices in common use of Visual Basic program and made Gambas coherent, logical and reliable as possible.

Features

Below are the main features of Gambas and what sets it apart from the other languages.

Gambas is a Basic language with object extensions. A program written with Gambas is a set of files. Each file describes a class, in terms of object programming. The class files are compiled, then executed by an interpreter. From this point of view, it is very inspired by Java.

Gambas is made up of the following programs:

A compiler.

An interpreter.

An archiver.

A graphical user interface component.

A development environment.

The development environment is written with Gambas itself, so that I can show the abilities of the language and is useful for debugging.

What are the features that set Gambas from the other languages?

1. A Gambas project is stored under one directory. The archiver transforms the project directory structure in one sole executable file.

2. Compiling a project only requires the compilation of the modified classes. Every external reference of a class is solved dynamically at the execution time.

3. Gambas has a component architecture that allows it to extend the language. Anyone can write components as shared libraries that dynamically add new native classes to the interpreter.

Components can be written in Gambas too. The component architecture is documented in the Wiki encyclopaedia.

4. By default, the Gambas interpreter is a text-only program. The component architecture is used for writing the graphical user interface part of the language.

5. As the graphical user interface is implemented as a component, Gambas is independent of any toolkit!

One will be able to write a program, and choose the toolkit later : GTK+, Qt4, etc.

6. The graphical user interface is the Qt4 toolkit. The GTK+ component which is not finished will have almost the same interface as the Qt4 component.

7. Gambas projects are easily translatable, in any language.

8. Its object model is simple but powerful.

About the Author

Welcome to you, curious!

You're going to know almost everything about me...

My name is Benoît Minisini.

I am a French man born in 1972, living in Paris. Programming is one my passion since I was twelve, and is now my job for many years now. This passion started with the Basic language on a CPC Amstrad 464, and later on an Atari 520 STE. Of course, now, I am using many other languages, but I never forgot that I have learned and done a lot with Basic.

I was always fond of writing languages, compilers, assemblers, and interpreters. I wrote a Z80 assembler on Amstrad and an interpreted language that consumed all its memory.

Later, during my studies at the E.P.I.T.A., I wrote a Lisp interpreter under Windows. During six months, I discovered its stupid memory model, the Microsoft compiler, and its numerous bugs.

Today, I keep on raging with the Gambas

Thanks to my boss, I have a half-time job, so I have worked actively on Gambas for the last years.

But I have other passions too, that burns lot of my time. That is music .

I'm playing flute for a long time - and theatre.

So, the development of Gambas is not as fast as it could be.

I hope your curiosity was satisfied...

Acknowledgment

Gambas is build on top of many free software, and could not exist without them.

So I would like to thank every people involved in the following projects:

Linux

KDE

GCC and all of the GNU tools, of course.

The Qt4 toolkit.

The GIMP and its toolkit GTK+

Libre Office.

The MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQLite database management systems.

And any other libraries used by Gambas.

That is enough for as an introduction to language packages. 

My comment 

I pronounce it as Gon (a bull) Bass (is unskilled workman) in Sinhala which is the phrase we use when the workman does a shoddy job. 

But that reference has no slur on this wonderful package which love the most. 

Unfortunately only few of the distributions port it as is. 

That is why I was very expressive here.

It needs to be there for the young newbies to take root in Linux.

Linux Programming Languages

1. Vi was my beginning but later went to Vim.

 

2. PHP MyAdmin was my Samba and Server friend but I do not want to touch it in my old age.

 

3. Perl was my attraction

Being a Writer this was an attraction and quickly settle down on 28MB Abiword.

 

4. Lyx and Gambas (no more Latex now buts it's derivatives)

 

4. Abiword

Is a word processor with a command line functionality.

It is over 250MB and is my work horse and it has its development package but very few has time for it.

 

Debian 12.10- - - dropped it so, I will stick with 12.9--.

 

1. C

Linux is written in C and this where I started coding.

 

2. C++

I did not waste time on C++

 

3. Python

Python was the one which attracted to me on Linux in the book Joy of Linux. 

It is versatile but so long I gave up.

 

4. Java

Java I really liked when it had Java phones which one could manipulate. One cannot find a Java phone now.

 

5. JavaScript

JavaScript I hate because it is cross platform.

 

6. Bash/Shell

Bash/Shell is unique

I still read Linux Bible when I decide to look at a shell script for fun

 

7.  Perl

Perl was my attraction until I settled down in Abiword.

 

8. Go of Google

I collected its package in Ubuntu which was 1.2GB when it became 2.4GB I have it up.

It has over 75 at which level I stopped counting

Go is Linux based and BULKY.

 

9. Ruby

Ruby on rails was web development language which I had a flash when I first developed my first,

 Private Web Phase withWordProcess.com (not .og organisation which has gone commercial now) long before Google was born. 

I still have it and I have forgotten my Yahoo.Mail password (I am going to activate it when I am ready with my 5 books with slow progress. 

Linus fundamental is reaching 450 pages (it has gone above 500). 

I want to keep it as it is and do not want to post any there. It now active but one need to go searching for my web site’s name.

 

10. Rust

Rust is new and I have no knowledge except Ubuntu trying to Reinvent Linux is going to be a either flash in the pan or making money which was not the intention of Ubuntu Master GURU.

 

11. Swift

It is macOS which I have no interest.

 

13.  Haskell

Haskell and compiz compositor is supposed to be for Research Work with very little FAT in its CORE.

It is on black terminal and until it becomes with a simple graphic front I won’t try it.

 

14. R

R is the only statistical package for Linux.

It comes as Octave and is very large package.

I think it was developed in New Zealand.

not when I was roaming in South Island.

 

15. PHP

Server side scripting language which has become plump and may be a pest and takes over your system.

I have decided to quit Elive after 6 months

 

I have decided to quit Elive after 6 months

Yes, I am quitting Enlightenment and Elive.

Enlightenment does not add to my productivity.

Even installing AbiWord through Software was a pain.

 

I hate SNAP packages sandboxed.

 

Main reason for quitting is, it does not have Synaptic Package Manager.

 

I shun any distribution without Synaptic. 

It has enormous FREE Software Collection.

 

I am currently promoting ARCH Linux and I use my spare Gnome Instance to install BlueStar Linux and without it (Spare Gnome), I cannot experiment on new applications.

My workhorse is in partition-2 and I do not want to sacrifice it for testing but leave it as it is for True Stability.

 

It takes over an hour to install and configure Elive.

 

Before I could finish this peace with one finger typing Gnome installation is over.

Just under 20 minutes.

I do not want unnecessary packages like Firefox and LibreOffice bloating my work space with 2GB of software.

I need to add enough space for /var or variable partition for extra applications.

Partition Schedule goes like this.

/root 7.7GB full when installed

/boot

/home

/tmp

/opt

/var

Others like

/usr for server edition

/src for allocation of serviced users are not necessary for a single user computer.

Installation is over and need to add few applications, I regularly use Stacer and Notepadq and Gparted tops the list.

Good Bye Elive.

Instead of Elive I am installing Enlightenment Desktop which takes 400MB for minimal display of Enlightenment Effects.

I am going and Wayland and Compiz,too.

First time round I am going to look at Haskell programming languages and it's window stacks.

Of course in this process I get Emac,too.

 

No Gambas and Lyx.

 

Emac is Richard Stallman creation and was a simple text editor.

It now has a graphical (GUI)editor, Client and a Terminal.

 

Xmonad and Wayfire do not have log out script and one has to reboot the computer which is to say the least is annoying.

Need keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Alt+ F1.

 

Since, I did use keyboard shortcuts for 30 years ago, I have to lookout for additional keyboard keys.

Windows Key was not in existent, then which is a pain in my neck.

 

FVwm3 is a new but elegant window manager.

 

IceWM is my love.

 

Window Manager was the beginning.

By the way, Xmonad and Wayfire are not supported by Gnome. 

 

May be I am missing some libraries.

My the way, I use gdm and not sddm.

I am going to use even ratpoison which I think is keyboard driven (no mouse use) window manager.

Cinnamon and Nemo are In.

Base installation is about 8GB and with all the utilities added it amounted to about another 4GB and I have 6GB left in the /root folder of 18GB, allocated at partitioning 

So leaving 20GB for /root folder is more than adequate BUT have a huge /var partition, if you add lot of applications outside Gnome, say from KDE.

I have do far used only 2GB of 8GB /var partition.

By the way except for Falkon and Konqueror from KDE I have nothing from KDE. 

Both are browsers, by the way.

PapugLinux

This is how I learned Linux in 16-072011

PapugLinux

Dear PapugLinux users,

PapugLinux-11.1 is available for download, this is a major release in term of package update.

We choose to focus our additions on development tools for this version. The great Python language comes in 2 versions (2.7 and 3.1) and we also include Subversion and the very popular Git as version control systems. This could make PapugLinux a great bundle to start to learn Python or simply browse the open-source projects all over the world.

The live running-mode uses new tools and another compression format, this results in more content in a smaller size.

The desktop image credit goes to Flavio Takemoto from Brazil, this artist has a great portfolio of artwork.

Kindest regards,

Core

2.6 kernel

ALSA sound driver

X.Org X-Window server

Desktop

Fluxbox window manager

Mozilla Firefox web browser

AbiWord word processor

Gnumeric spreadsheet processor

Bluefish editor

Various CDR/DVDR tool

FR, PL, and US keyboard support

 

Server

Apache web server

Cups print server

ProFTP ftp server

 

Ssh server

Boot your computer with Papug Linux, then launch a terminal from the menu (RoxTerm, XTerm) and log as root (password papuglinux).

$ su -

You must create two partitions on your hard disk, if you don't plan to use the whole disk, be sure to backup your data. One partition will be used for the system and must be sized to 1.2GB or more. The other partition will be used for the swap and should be sized more or less the double of your RAM capacity.

The easiest way to do this operation is to use GParted as the file systems will be created in the same time. An alternative way using 'fdisk' and command line tools is possible in text mode.

# gparted

GParted will scan your devices, this can take a long time. Create the system partition using 'ext3' file system, most of users would also make this partition bootable. Then create the swap partition. Please refer to GParted website if you need more informations.

Note the partitions name used, it will be needed for later operations. Most of users should have /dev/hda1, /dev/hda2 or /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2.

After preparing your disk, you can proceed to the installation. This process will mainly copy the content of the Live CD to your hard disk, then perform some needed operations.

In the following code, be careful to correctly set the parameters, the first one is the system partition, the second one is the swap partition.

# cd /root/install

# ./install.sh [system_partition] [swap_partition]

(eg. ./install.sh /dev/hda1 /dev/hda2)

Most of users will have to make PapugLinux bootable on their computer. 

If you have another system installed on your computer (Linux or Windows) skip this operation, you need to manually set up the boot loader, you can email me for help if needed.

Once again be careful when typing the following code. The first parameter is the system partition, the second parameter is the disk id (mostly the same as the system partition except the last number which represents the partition).

# ./install-boot.sh [system_partition] [disk_id]

(eg. ./install-boot.sh /dev/hda1 /dev/hda)

PapugLinux should now be installed on your computer. Exit the terminal then reboot your computer. Remove the Live CD during the computer startup process.

Tuxedo OS vs DELL vs Endless OS

Endless OS

There is a nice guy in America who dish out Gnome OS FREE and if YOU register under him with his KEY, YOU get ton of applications.

I have very old laptop (2009) and it has Endless OS in it.

It has DDR3 and is very slow.

After I got two NUC (mini computer) computers with 8GB RAM,  I never looked back.

It has 5 operating systems.

1. Two of Debian, 13 Trixie, the latest.

2. Manjaro on a single partition. 

3. Most beautiful BlueStar Linux

4. Cachy OS, top of the www.distrowatch.com 

5. I did try AVL MXe ( Liquorix Kernel - bookworm based) multimedia distribution for a while. I hope it comes out with the Trixie Kernel version.

 Less I talk about Pop OS and Cosmic Dedktop, better for my heslth.

Tuxedo OS does not fit the bill of a Linux distribution.

It is only a bloated up KDE Desktop.

Desktops and Window Managers are chicken play for a Linux guy or girl. 

It is based on Ubuntu and no Synaptic Package Manager. 

It has Discover but no applications to download.

This is a commercial distribution tailored for a commercial equipment.

Do not get caught, YOU are caught for both for the computer and the software.

Name Tuxedo that comes Tux is a gross miscalculation of Free Software Foundation.

Yes, there are stupid  guys who get caught up by commercial propaganda.

One can assemble two or three computers for the price of one, if one knows about computer hardware and there assembly.

When I was in UK, a Young Guy started assembling computers in his garage (I did it after returning to Ceylon, in mid 1980s), since the gadgets were expensive then.

He became a multimillionaire and sold his company. 

Dell Technologies Inc. is an American multinational technology company that has been headquartered in Round Rock, Texas since 1994. It was formed as a result of the September 2016 merger of Dell and EMC Corporation. Dell Technologies ranked 48th on the 2024 Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations based on its 2023 revenue; its products include personal computers, servers, monitors, computer software, computer security and network security, as well as information security services. 

AVL MX Linux Installing

The multimedia content-creation focus AV Linux has provided since 2008 is now combined with the powerful versatility of MX Linux! AV Linux MX Edition (AVL-MXe) comes with a high-performance Liquorix Kernel and the beautiful and efficient Enlightenment Desktop Environment. In addition are a whole host of useful tools including the venerable ‘MX-Tools’ paired with the convenience of specialized custom utilities. This system is tuned out of the box for fast low-latency Audio performance, seamless PipeWire integration and optional support for Windows Audio and Plugin applications through Wine-Staging and yabridge. Currently AV Linux MX Edition is recognized by MX Linux and utilizes its Build tools and Packaging but is not an official MX Linux product.

It uses less than 500MB of my 8GB RAM.

I often wonder why guys and girls are worried about new Linux Versions, when the old one performs, much better than the new one.

OBS, Kdenlive, Blender and a host of Audio Players in one place.

What more one needs.

It has the best GRUB Boot Loader.

Thank YOU AVL MX Linux Distribution.

It took 16.5 GB of my 20GB partition.

No LibreOffice, Thank YOU.

It has Synaptic Package Manager.

 

I am installing Stacer and Gnome 43.

Gnome took about 450MB.

At last I got a Linux Distribution which uses Enlightenment Desktop which is not Elive.

Open AI gave wrong information. 

Yes, AI guide is often erroneous.

I fetched, it while editing my book on "Linux Essentials". 

After a bit of searching, I found, the image.

I am fed up with the Elive Linux guys and girls and I want a distribution with Enlightenment Desktop as the default.

AVL MX Linux is worth but it is the Bookworm kernel that foot the bill.

MX Linux with Trixie kernel, I tried and it failed to boot without the SystemD INIT.

 

These guys are fiddling with INIT scripts and AVL MX Linux has all the INIT scripts except SystemD.

On can choose the INIT one wishes to use.

It took hell of a lot of fiddling to get the Installer script running.

On root with root as password it mounts the old Enlightenment Desktop but no Installer.

I went back to Live Session with demo password.

In the top left hand corner Install Avl is there but it won't mount.

 

I hit the Enter key of the keyboard hard and it started to check the Iso image in preparation for the Install.

 

I have used MX Linux in the past and I knew, how it works but I did not panic.

I gave 10GB root /partition

SWAP 

And the EFI 

It said partition was small but I thought it can take 5.3GB image. 

Usually, Iso image expends when installing.

It failed, due to the lack of space.

I'll add some space and I would try it again.

I am Installing it again.

I hit my Keyboard very hard, for both Live Installer and WiFi password. 

 

It was a remote wireless keyboard.

 

I am going to enjoy Blender 4 instead of Blender 4.5.

Blender 5 is in the development stage.

One has to give 20GB for the install, if one is using one Partition.

I say, go hang with MX Linux which is SLOW to come up with its new UPDATES.

Old AVL Linux had all the Audio and Video utilities but it did not have the EFI Boot Loader but AVL MX has EFI.

I hope they would come out with a Debian 13 Trixie Kernel Distribution by December for us to use it in 2026.

AV Linux MX Linux

 AV Linux is a versatile, Debian-based distribution featuring a large collection of audio and video production software. Additionally, it also includes a custom kernel with IRQ threading enabled for low-latency audio performance. AV Linux can be run directly from a live DVD or a live USB storage device, though it can also be installed on a hard disk and used as a general-purpose operating system for everyday tasks. 

 The multimedia content-creation focus AV Linux has provided since 2008 is now combined with the powerful versatility of MX Linux! AV Linux MX Edition (AVL-MXe) comes with a high-performance Liquorix Kernel and the beautiful and efficient Enlightenment Desktop Environment. In addition are a whole host of useful tools including the venerable ‘MX-Tools’ paired with the convenience of specialized custom utilities. This system is tuned out of the box for fast low-latency Audio performance, seamless PipeWire integration and optional support for Windows Audio and Plugin applications through Wine-Staging and yabridge. Currently AV Linux MX Edition is recognized by MX Linux and utilizes its Build tools and Packaging but is not an official MX Linux product.

Computer System in a Nutshell

Computer System in a Nutshell

Google which has only minimal of Linux Code and simple Graphic Front End and a powerful Search Engine with the Chrome Browser now dominates the world.

The three components of Google are

1. Kernel borrowed from Linux.

2. Graphical Front End.

3. Browser based powerful Search Engine.

Unlike Firefox, it does not have to waste time in development of the browser but only has to worry about the advertisement component tagged with the browser as Java Components embedded within. 

Winners with minimal contribution to the Linux Code at large.        

The core team of Google saw the potential and I do not envy them.

 

Of course, Goggle has jumped into hardware in the name of Android and the variety of cellphones.

 

Now take Apple in general.

It has Unix

It has Hardware.

It has Safari Browser.

It has applications bound to it's operating  system. 

All are closed source and one has to pay a fortune to acquire all of them. 

User becomes a prisoner even though, he  or she pays a fortune to become a prisoner. 

Any attempt to change the Code of Apple is considered to be Jail Breaking.

Microsoft Windows come to capitalize on this framework and I would not make any comments about Microsoft’s strategy except to say, if not for Linux mankind would have only two operating system to contend with.

Then comes the visionary figure but I call him a philosopher for good reason. 

He would be long remembered but the other guy who was known to have associated with Epstein would be remembered with pain and disgust. 

Richard Stallman saw what was coming and decided to put breaks in the name of Free Software in 1980s.

But he did not have a kernel to port it.

In comes Linus Torvalds with a microcode but open source in 1992.

 

Put them together a new Open World of Software was born.

පරිපාලනයට ඉන්දියානුවන් අතගැසීම

ලංකාව දැන් ඉන්දියාවේ ප්‍රාන්තයක් නිසා මට මේ ප්‍රශ්නය අසන්න පුලුවන්ද යන්න ප්‍රශ්නයකි.

විරුද්ධ පක්ෂයේ නායකයා බජට් එකට      (අය වැය, හරි පාරවර්තනයක්, නෙවෙයි) පැය 48 කලින් ඉන්දියාවට යෑම මට ප්‍රශ්නයකි.

මේක ඉන්දියාව විසින් පළමුව හින්දියෙන් ලියා, දේවනුව ඉංගිරිසියට හරවා, තුන්වෙනිව සිංහලට හරවපු නිසා, ප්‍රශ්න ගොඩක් ඇති වෙනවා.

අපට නෙවෙයි ඉන්දියාවට.

ඒ නිසා අසන ප්‍රශ්න ටික විරුද්ද පක්ෂයේ නායකට ලියල දෙන්න තමයි, එන්න කීවේ.

ඉතින් එයාට දැන් වයස නිසා ප්‍රශ්න ටික පටලවා ගන්න නිසා එයාට ඉන්දියාවේ නිගන්ට බුදුනුත් වැදලා එන්න පුළුවන්, නේද?

බජට් එක ඉන්දියානු මහ කොමසාරිස් කාර්යාලයේ තියෙන්නේ තිබුනේ.

අනේ අපට, බුදුසරණයි.

සිංහල යතුරු පුවරුව

සිංහල යතුරු පුවරුව දිගු ගමනක් ඇවිල්ලා. මීට වසර දහයකට පෙර මම ප්‍රංශ බාසාව ඉගෙන ගන්න උත්සාහ කරන කොට ප්‍රංශ භාෂාවෙන් ලියන්න යතුරු පුවරුව පාවිච්චි කලා.

ඒ සමගම සිංහල යතුරු පුවරුවත් පාවිච්ච් කලා.

ඇලපිලි පාපිලි සහ කොම්බුව දාන්න ලොකු වදයක් වුනා.

අත හැරලා දැම්මා.

මගේ ඉංගිරිසි බ්ලොග් පොස්ට් සිංහලට හරවන්න උත්සාහ කලේ.

ඒ කාලේ දැන්වගේ AI තිබ්බේ නෑ.

Simple Update

In the rush to post my Linux UPDATE, I missed a few key points.

1. One does not need to install Linux.

One can test it on a Live Session.

Several USB sticks minimum 4GB but ideally 8GB.

Standard Linux image fits in 4GB.

Linux Mint is 3GB.

BlueStar about 5GB and it has all the applications.

Ubuntu 7GB for its bloated vandalized Gnome with no Applications. I do not recommend UBUNTU.

Go  for Linux Mint which was a Ubuntu derivative and now has fallen back to Debian.

2. One does not need INTERNET Connection when testing.

3. However, in my case WiFi is the first thing I text. One can cold boot and connect to the Internet on the first boot.

Good old days, especially in Ceylon, most Linux distributions except UBUNTU failed to configure WiFi. 

No problem with Ethernet. 

Linux thrives on  Ethernet.

4. Hardware 

Linux now work on any hardware.

5. What you have.

Hardware Specifications.

50GB is more than enough.

6. Minimum Installation.

10GB

XFCE of Debian is less than 5GB.

Rest is for addition applications.

With another 2GB one can add all the applications one needs. 3GB left for /home parition and work.

I have 10GB partition to test this minimum requirement.

Ideally SWAP partition on top.

Twice the size of RAM.

8GB if RAM is 4.

I never give above 16GB.

One should use the DVD 1 of Debian.

It has 8 or 9 Desktops.

One can install one or all.

XFCE is the Smallest and is less than 5GB.

7. For Modest Operations

120GB

EFI 1.2GB FAT 32 partition

/ 20GB for root

/boot  500 to 700MB

/home  70GB

/var   7GB

/tem  3GB

8. 100GB for NTFS partition for storage.

7. 4GB RAM and 8GB ideal.

More if you are a gamer.

I do not talk about gaming.

Linux is for serious work.

With maximum capacity of my work I only used 2GB of RAM out of 8GB.

9. Distributions

Puppy Linux gone to hibernation

AntiX for old computers but workd well with new computers.

AntiX

MX Linux an AntiX derivative 

Endeavor Linux

Debian

Manjaro 

BlueStar Linux

CachyOS

Reborn OS

KIRO Linux

ArtiX

Ubuntu Big NO

Linux Mint

Linux Mint Debian Edition

VOID Linux

SuSe Tumbleweed for games

Fedira Bazzite for Games

Guruda Linux for games ( I have nevet tested it)

ZORIN  Big NO

PoP OS  NO Ubuntu derivative with Ubuntu problems

Tuxedo OS NO Ubuntu derivative with Ubuntu Pain

10. Please AVOID dual boot with Windows

There is a lot to choose and I have 5 distributions in a 320GB Toshiba Hard Disk. Toshiba is pretty good.

Hard disk type also matters. 

I have never used SONY.

Void Linux Install -Failed

I tried all the methods but failed to install Void Linux.

There are only two images Niri and Xfce.

I tried Xfce.

With su and void password no install command.

I gave up.

There normal amd musl Images 

No graphic install.

Text Based Installer is excellent with lot of instruction through the install.

This ideal for Developers.

I am not.

Number of applications are limited.

Thank YOU-BlueStar Linux

I always say, BlueStar Linux KDE desktop is the most Beautiful Desktop of all.

May be three to four years ago, I found its image and installed it, without knowing how ARCH Linux works.

 

I am a Gnome guy and I used to hate KDE.

 

BlueStar Linux changed my views about KDE. 

Not only that I really got hooked to ARCH. 

I tested every ARCH Distribution and when I found CachyOS on top of www.distrowatch.com list. 

I have a copy of CachyOS and the learning curve was steep.

 

Coming back to BlueStsr Linux, I got a real liking for Octapi Installer.

Guy who had used only Synaptic Package Manager all my life and this was a new experience.

I installed Gnome on top of KDE using BlueStar Linux.

 It was difficult but I had used Netrunner Linux (gone dormant still in Bookworm kernel) Linux which was beautiful KDE Desktop with Synaptic Package Manager.

Best of both worlds.

I hope if developer guys of Netrunner reads this, buck up and get updated to Trixie Kernel.

 

However, I could not get Gnome on top of Netrunner KDE.

 

Come BlueStar Linux, Gnome on top of BlueStar Star KDE is as elegant but with bit of hiccough with Cairo Desktop.

 

I really like the Cairo Desktop of Emmabantus that come from France.

Version 6 is still in development stage with lot of applications.

 

But BlueStar Linux much more versatile.

Now for a guy or girl using BlueStar Linux I have a few guidelines.

1. Download the latest iso and write it on a USB.

2. Boot up but do not configure the WiFi or do not plug in the Ethernet.

3. Install the basic install utility.

4. Now configure the Internet.

Without Internet no more applications.

5. Using Octapi UPDATE the system.

ARCH is Rolling distribution.

6. I generally reboot to free the cache.

7. One need not install anything else.

Everything is there.

In my case I install AbiWord.

Both AbiWord and LibreOffice are the latest. 

Unlike good old days I can open a Abi file in LibreOffice.

 

AbiWord of course would open any word file by default.

8. If you are confident now try installing Gnome. 

No spoon feedings

Trial and Error leaning is mandatory.

You can install Cutefush and Cosmic.

Pantheon did not work.

I actually HATE Elementary OS.

Only tried once very very long time ago.

9. Mistake I did.

I gave standard 20GB for the root partition.

With full KDE install only 2GB left.

Added 5GB reducing/home and /var partitions.

Basic install takes only 15GB.

I had 10GB left for GNOME and its repertoire of applications.

It took over 1200GB.

I needed GNOME Boxes.

It is as big as Blender.

I install Blender first.

10. By the way all these are available in Debian Gnome.

That is my workhorse.

BlueStar is the testing distribution which edges CachyOS by a little margin.

I said good bye to Manjaro

Why? 

It is too easy to install. 

I need make mistakes.

Manjaro has the best GRUB, even better than GNOME GRUB.

If you are knew to ARCH, start with Manjaro. It is also a very beautiful distribution.

It has Gnome, KDE, XFCE and community spin Isos.

VOID Linux is Superb

After a few months of lapse, I installed Void Linux using the Terminal.

I used XFCE image to boot

Step 1

Red all the manual instruction of Void Linux

Password for root is voidlinux

It takes the entire disk.

Partition has to be done manally.

Minimum of 3 partitions.

I use EXT4.

/boot/efi FAT patition

/      root of  10GB 

swap of 4GB

No capital letters

No spaces void-install

Run as a root user

Passwords voidlinux

Could not configure WiFi.

අනාගතය අනාගැනීම

බලයේ සිටින රජය අනාගතය අනාගනිමින් සිටී.

1. බෞද්ධ සබ්යත්වයට කෙනෙහිලි කම් කිරීම 

2. ල්ට්ට්යේ අතකොළුවක් වීම 

3. බෞද්ධ ආගම වෙනුවට ආගම විතරක් ආදේශ කිරීම

4. සහෝදරත්වය වෙනුවට කුලල් කෑම වැපිරිම 

ලට්ට්ය හැමදාම කෙළේ එයයි

ඉන්දියාව උඩින් සහ යටින් උදව් කලා, බෙදීම වැපිරීමට

5. ඇගට නොදැනෙන ලෙස මුදල් වංචාවන් කිරීම 

ළුණු ගණුදෙනුව එකක් පමණය.

6. රාජ්‍ය පාලනයේ ලොකු කාලයක් නොසිටීම 

7. විවේචනයන් උසුලා ගැනීමට බැරි වීම, සහ උද්දච්චකම නිසා පක්ෂය ඇතුලේ ඇති වැරදි වසා ගැනීම 

Revisiting Violence in Ceylon

Tuesday, May 10, 2022
Reproduction

Revisiting Violence in Ceylon

This from verses 137 to 140 of Dhammapada.

This is in response to Rajapaksa Mob Violence.

 

Jathika Jana Balavagaya is revisiting the same mob violence using Police force, in a subtle way.

One who uses violence against those who are unarmed and offends those who are inoffensive will soon come upon one of the ten states.

S/he will incur,
1. Acute pain.
2. Disaster.
3. Bodily injury.
4. Grievous sickness.
5.  Loss of mind.
6. Oppression by the king/government.
7. Heavy accusation.
8. Loss of relatives.
9. Destruction  of wealth.
10. Ravaging fire will burn his house.

Unfortunately these things are happening right now in Ceylon.

AntiX - Trixie Edition - Failed in my System

AntiX - Trixie Edition 

New edition is available.

It failed to install GRUB in my system

It does not have SystemD INIT System.

It looks sleek.

I hope they add all the INIT systems.

I am Installing Elive

Installation was a big failure.

It is the Linux System, I recommend to a newbie. Its installation is SLOW but lot of pauses  and detailed insyructions including making partitions.

It recommends old E16 Desktop for installation but can change it to E27 later.

It configures WiFi effortlessly.

It vam be installed in a single partition which is a plus point.

It has Gparted.

I gave 10GB but it recommends 20GB which is the standard for Linux.

I hope it recognize my GRUB.

It has taken 7GB and I have 3GB left.

Thank YOU, it gave all these information while installing.

It took about 750MB from my 8GB RAM while runming live and installing.

Very important point I forgot.

It got the numbers of my Partition Table wrong.

It read 14 as 10.

It does not mount the EFI partition and I could not select a boot partition to Boot.

I checked the remaining space using Gparted and has only 275MB left.

LibreOffice is 25.2.

One has to sit with it and follow imstructions.

Select and Deselect packages not used which an excellent option.

I used only Inkscape.

Have several browser options including Opera and Palemoon.

Use the Terminal at the End for purging.

I believe Internet is essential.

Glad that I Revited Elive.

It has done a lot to impress even an old Linux User.

Thank YOU again.

I am a pensioner and I wish I could have contributed a few quids.

I do not have an Internet connection.

I used for few weeks and it very costly in Australia.

I love looking at the Terminal which is lacking in Debian except when installing new applications.

It is frozen and I am going for a cuppa.

It got my Partition Table wrong.

That is why it did not boot.

It did not vonfigure the GRUB but did not ruin it.

It would not boot but I know how to fix.

Reinstall Manjaro.

That's it.

No, it ruined my spare Debian Instance.

I have to install Debian swiching 14 for 10 I lost. This is the advantage of having partitioned installation.

I jave to remeber number 10 and 14 only.

Both have 10GB capacity.

Elive only has 495MB for any additional applications and Blender is out on first count.

I still recommend Elive Linux for a newbie.

One learns a lot by making unintended mistakes in Linux.

This piece with some editions is going to be in my book of "Linux Essentials".

It will come out only in January.

I am already on holiday mood.

සුදු ළුණු මිරිකන ආණ්ඩුව - සයිමොන් නවගත්තේගමගේ, මතක සටහන්

මම විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය ඉන්න කාලේ සිට, ඒ දවස්වල ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ දැන් නම වෙනස් කලත් කොටියාගේ පුල්ලි වෙනස් නොවන, ජාතික ජන බලවේගය, නිර්දය ලෙස විවේචනය කරන්නේ, කැලුම් ජයසුමන මෙන් ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදය අගය කරන නිසයි. 

මට සයිමන් (සයිමා)  නවගත්තේගම, මතක් උනා. ඔහු නුවර දුෂ්කර ගමක සිට නගරයට පැමිණ, පැවැති දේශපාලන වතාවරණය නිර්දය ලෙස විවේචනය කල පුද්ගලයෙක්.

එවන්නන් දැන් යුටුබ් අවකාශය තුල දකින්න ලැබෙන්නේ නෑ.

විවේක කාලය විශ්රාමයෙන්, විදෙස් රටක ගත කරන නිසා, හුදීජනයාගේ, සයිමන් ගෙන්, ඉගෙනගත් වහරක්, පහන් සුවය සදහා යොදා ගනිමි. 

ලංකවේ සිටියානම්, මගේ කටට මුකවාඩම්, වැටීම අනිවාර්යයි.

බී ළුණු වගේ, ජාතික ජන බලවේගය, අනා ගන්න බව මට ඒ දවස්වල සිට වැටහුනා. 

නමුත්, මෙච්චර කලින් එය සිදුකර ගනියි කියලා සිතුනේ නෑ.

දැන් පත්තරවල කතුවැකි ලියන අය බිරන් තට්ටු වෙලා, උඩ බලාගෙන ඉන්නවා ඇති.

ඒ අඩුපාඩුව, පොඩියක් හරි පිරවීම මගෙ යුතුකම. 

ඉස්සර ඒක කලේ ඉංගිරිසියෙන්.

දැන් සුද්ද සිංහලෙන්.

හැමදාම අනිත් අය නිර්දය ලෙස විවේචනය කල අයට, තමන්ව විවේචනය කරන විට ඉවසන්න බෑ.

අටලෝ දහම, විස්වාස නොකරන නරුමයන්ගේ හැටි, කලින් සිටම අවබෝද කර ගත යුතුයි.

සිනහ වෙන්න බැරි, උපහාසය උපහාරයක්‌ ලෙස බලන්න බැරි, තමන්ගේ ඇසේ තියන රොඩු නොපෙනෙන අයගේ, දේශපාලන ඉදිරි ගමන අවදානම්ය.

No Telemetry in Linux-Another Reason to use Linux

Unlike, Google, Microsoft and Apple Mac, there is no AI in Linux snooping or tracking your activities.

It can be used in any computer old or knew.

It is free.

It has many distributions.

I am currently promoting Elive Linux even though my base is Debian.

Above all Linux resoectd your privacy.

Elive Installer

I installed AbiWord in Live Mode but it does not remain persistent after reboot

Version 50 has more visual effects than the old 46 version I have in a USB.

I am inclined to erase both of them and keep the iso image in my NTFS Storage.

 

I prefer writing Cachy OS and Endeavor OS instead.

 

Compared to Elive ARCH has done tremendous service to Linux User base.

Come to think of Visual Effects are very irritating to me and I suffer from Colour Blindness.

I am going to install EasyOS seven in a 8GB USB. 

As far as I know it is the only Linux Distribution that take full control of the 4 or  8GB in the USB.

 

More than two hours of my time wasted but I am going to have special piece in my book.

It is going to fail since two kernels cannot sit in the EFI partition.

At least it gives ample warnings.

User configuration is not before installation but after installation.

One cannot go for cuppa.

It is stuck with stable Bookworm.

It gives a reasonable opportunity to remove applications I do not need.

It is installing Gnome not XFCE.

GRUB is automatic, might even fail.

It has several browsers including Palemoon and Opera.

Google Zoom failed.

It is installing i386 packages which I do not need.

Internet connect is mandatory.

 

Elive 3.8.50 PRO 64 bit 6.11..10 overlay.

Last iso I had in 2024 was 

 

Elive 3.8.46 2024-12-21 Thunar

 

I managed to get the Elive Stable 64 bit version and currently installing on a single partition. This is just to include some information in my book.

I think it is going to hang up due to lack of space.

I am going to terminate it.

I am only going to use USB version.

No comment on GRUB and it is short of 3-4GB.

It has an elegant and beautiful desktop as Beautiful as BlueStar Linux but the desktop is XFCE.

It is full of but bit lengthy instructions and it says it needs 20GB space and I gave 16 and it says 3GB is left remaining.

I need to see how it configure GRUB before accepting it.

Worse scenario I would go back to Debian Gnome.

It identified all Debian instances but could not identify the BlueStar Linux and one partition was missing in it's identification and it was partition 15 where BlueStar /root was installed.

 

It's kernel must be the older one not the latest. Installation is painfully SLOW.

It says it can make a persistent volume but it failed last time.

Final Linux UPDATE

Yes, this is the final Linux UPDATE.

1. My Recommendation for an old computer is AVL MX Linux which has almost everything of Audio and Video utilities including blender 4.

It is Bookworm version and has the best GRUB Boot Loader for multibooting.

2. For a beautiful KDE desktop BlueStar Linux.

3. Hassel Free Installer with ton of applications, there is nothing to beat Gnome of Debian.

4. For a lazy guy with easy installation, nothing to beat Manjaro.

5. For Guy or Girl with strict Installer protocol is Cachy Linux.

The learning curve may be steep but worth the trouble.

I have settled down with Manjaro and CachyOS. I am now, really ARCH confident except on the Terminal. I have said Good Bye, to the most powerful and veritable Terminal. 

It is also same for Tiling Window Managers. I have tested all the other Window Mangers.

I can do all these on Debian GNOME and I begin to hate KDE but keep track of all Linux Distributions.

Simple reason I hate KDE is it is bulky, resource intensive and slow to Boot.

1. Let me dispense with Devuan Excalibur.

It is identical with Debian except not having SystemD INIT.

INIT is the first Start Up process and SystemD does a good job of it with parallel and on demand services.

Why mess with it.

It may be for guys running Servers but not for simple desktop users.

When in the good old days, in the universities where one server managers mamy terminals INIT had six run levels and I mastered it using SuSe Linux which had the best configuration file.

YaST.

Yet another Setup Tool.

The name configuration file probably came later.

SuSe has dropped it.

I'll come to SuSe and Fedora later.

2. Void Linux is a complete failure without a Installble Image.

It fits in with the low resource use with a XFCE desktop I hate. 

Why not add an installble script on top.

3. CachyOS is a class act with a sstrict protocol. It took some time to master it.

It does not coexist with other distributions but I have found a way.

4. Manjaro is the best but I have had few problems with /var partition getting filled up. I sorted it out today.

That is after a long night sleeep.

5. Endeavor OS is good but too, minimal for me.

6. BlueStar Linux Desktop has done an update and I cannot get to Octspi.

I gave up. It had the most beautiful KDE Desktop. They have said Good Bye to that approach.

7. AntiX is pretty good but it is still in Bookworm kernel. Developed conflict with my GRUB.

They should come up with the Trixe Kernel.

8. KIRO Linux is pretty good.

I did not like it's alliance with Variety Wall Paper.

9. ARCH derivatives without a Desktop I dif not test.

10. UBUNTU 

No thank YOU.

11. SuSe 

Leap and Tumble break my heart.

I do not like the dedicated software center away from global Linux Repository

Tumbleweed is good for games

12. Fedora 

No thank You.

It is trying too, many things while not good at one thing perfect.

However, Bazzite is good for games.

13. I won't go above number 13.

I am not superstitious but going beyond this point make me a better Linux Advocate.

By the way, I have tested all the desktops and many Window Mangers.

I stick with GNOM, IceWM and JWM. 

Joe's Window Manager based on X11 Window System from which all the Window Systems came to being.

I do not like Wayland, compositers and compiz.

Final note about NTFS.

Linux, rather Gparted support many file formats.

I use Ext4 and begin to hate Btrfs.

I do not do TimeShifts.

My NUC with 320GB with 5 districbutions I have another distribution to fall back to. I have never lost a WORKING file after starting, Linux 25 years ago. Of course, I have hundred of copies to fall back to mainly my books in edit mode.

I used to have a big /home partition mainly to store Linux images going up to 20 to 25 of the latest. 

This was a bit of a paranoia.

I solved this by reserving 100GB out of 320 to two NTFS patitions. Only for saving. I do not have Microsoft files at all to read and write. 

It is used to store all Linux Images including 25 Puppy Linux Images and my book files. Puppy Linux except Easy OS and SLACK has gone into hibernation after 32 bit to 64 bit transition. 

I have Easy Linux in a USB stick which I carry when I travel. Other USB sticks are used for install.

Two Debian Trixe DVD-1, just in case which never failed me.

I just keep a BlueStar Linux and Reborn Linux in  USB sticks since it not installed.

Sorry, I forget to include REBORN OS in thr list of 12. I could not put it at numb👍13.

REBIRTH is life long interest of me as a Buddhist. 

Finally Thank YOU to AI information.

However, it could not figure out YaST tool of SuSe.

Elive Linux and the Enlightenment Desktop

Elive Linux and the Enlightenment Desktop

Enlightenment desktop is one of the most beautiful desktops, I have used in the past.

In fact I did forget the name Elive Linux.

They sent me two images both 32 bit and 64 bits within 10 minutes.

Thank YOU.

I think it is worth paying a contribution and getting their latest image. I haven't got a space to install but I will try it on the single partition.