Enlightenment Project
Enlightenment was launched in the 1990s by Carsten “Rasterman” Haitzler as an easy to use Window Manager (WM) for X11. Since then it has expanded to include the one million lines of C code that form the Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL) and a diverse set of applications. There's a vibrant and active community of developers and users who work on and use the code every day.
Enlightenment is classed as a “desktop shell” as it provides everything you need to operate your desktop or laptop, but it is not a full application suite. This covers functionality including launching applications, managing their windows and performing system tasks like suspending, rebooting, managing files and so on.
The Enlightenment Project is moving towards using Wayland as the base display system, while Enlightenment itself is to become a full Wayland compositor in its own right. This takes time, and there have been some bumps along the road, but the goal is that support for X11 will be eventually be discontinued (perhaps many years down the road).
Enlightenment is built on top of the Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL), using the libraries written for the user interface as well as those for the Compositor itself. This means that any improvements made to EFL are included in the Enlightenment Compositor.
Enlightenment also serves the Window Manager and Compositor for Tizen, due in no small part to its efficiency and breadth of features.
See About Enlightenment for more details.
Elive CD- Live Image
The Elive project has published a new stable release of its Debian based distribution featuring the Enlightenment desktop. The new version uses Debian 12 (Old Stable) as a base and offers both versions 16 and 27 of the Enlightenment interface.
The unique features on this release include OpenRC as an optional Init System available during installation for users who prefer a SystemD alternative that adheres closely to the UNIX philosophy. Synthwave Player is an impressive new music player developed for months by Elive is included as a default. An extremely light weight application for Voice Control for hands free interaction (no-AI), and it is optional.
Desktop Clock:
A simple, lightweight desktop clock that we made for the E16 desktop.
Enlightenment 27:
A preview of the last Enlightenment E27 with a few Elive features are included by default to use and play.
This will be the last build of Elive including the very solid Debian 12 back port with all the stability needed to run.
It is in an extremely polished system, a perfect LTS snapshot of Elive Stable."
Elive 3.8.50 runs SystemD by default, but users can optionally run SysV Init instead, with the selection made during the installation process.
When SysV init is selected, OpenRC runs as the service manager on top of SysV init.
Elive, or Enlightenment live CD, is a Debian based desktop Linux distribution and live CD featuring the Enlightenment Window Manager.
Besides being pre-configured and ready for daily desktop use, it also includes "Elpanel" - a control centre for easy system and desktop administration.
Elive is a non commercial, cost free operating system designed for everyday use and it offers a much faster, friendlier and feature rich alternative to an expensive proprietary OS.
With Elive, computers up to 15 years old can be transformed to high performance machines with a stunning interface which is fully customisable.
I think Elive tried to become a commercial entity but failed. It is now crowd funding its project which is a good thing. It looks like the Project Leader who started it has joined the team.
It keeps on supporting 32 bit computers.
Its 64 bit version is 4.2GB.
This posted with Commodore Linux.
Thank YOU.
It has Synaptic Package Manager and first was AbiWord and second was Firefox. Next of course Audacity and Lmms.
Audacity is already there and I go for Blender, now.
It is OK.
To begin with it is a big iso of nearly 10GB.
TrixiePup64
TrixiePup64 (11.2/2601) is a lightweight, Debian-based Puppy Linux distribution derived from Debian 13 "Trixie," designed for speed on older hardware. It features 64-bit and 32-bit versions, supporting both Wayland (using Labwc) and Retro X11 environments, while booting entirely into RAM. It includes APT/Synaptic package management.
Built upon Debian Trixie (Debian 13).
Wayland Version:
Uses the Labwc compositor, SFWbar and zzzFM, featuring Xwayland for compatibility with X11 applications.
Retro Version:
Features a traditional X11 desktop for older systems.
Performance:
Designed to run efficiently on low specification hardware, often running completely in memory for high speed.
Package Management:
Full access to APT and Synaptic Package Manager for installing software.
TrixiePup64 2601:
Released in early 2026, utilizing the Linux 6.12 kernel.
TrixiePup64 11.2:
A notable release in late 2025 focusing on updating components from the Trixie source. A variant offering, with specific builds utilising LXQt 2.1, KDE Plasma or Cinnamon, providing a more modern desktop experience while maintaining compatibility with Debian 13.
Root Usage:
Similar to other Puppy versions, users generally operate as root by default. However, some versions like PuppEX allow for a standard user login.
Installation:
Uses "frugal" installs to a hard drive and supports UEFI/non-UEFI systems.
Save Session:
Allows saving changes at shutdown to a folder on a hard drive or USB partition.
Some users consider it less "traditional" than older Puppies (like BionicPup), noting that the Wayland versions can have issues with drive icons and taskbar customisation.
S15Pup64
S15Pup64 (or S15Pup-64) is a 64-bit edition of Puppy Linux, specifically designed to be lightweight, fast, and binary-compatible with Slackware 15.0 components. It is designed to run efficiently on both older and modern 64 bit hardware.
Base:
Built using Slackware 15.0 packages (SPup).
System Usage:
Like most Puppy distros, S15Pup64 runs entirely from RAM, allowing the boot medium (USB/CD) to be removed after booting.
Release Information:
Available as a 64-bit ISO, often featuring updated kernels (e.g., 6.x series) to support modern hardware.
Desktop Environment:
Typically uses lightweight window managers like JWM (Joe's Window Manager) and Rox-Filer.
Package Management:
Includes the Puppy Package Manager (PPM) to install additional software, compatible with Slackware packages.
File Persistence:
It uses a layered file system. A "frugal" install is standard and changes are saved to a save file/folder on shutdown.
Commonly Used Components:
Rox-Filer: File manager.
JWM: Window manager.
Palemoon/Firefox:
Often the default browser.
Booting Problems:
If S15Pup64 fails to boot, it is sometimes suggested to use Unetbootin for creating a USB install.
Package Management:
Sometimes, the Package Manager may continue to download after installation is complete but it often works regardless.
4-bit Apps on 32-bit S15Pup:
There is a 64-bit compatibility SFS (addon) available to run 64-bit applications on a 32-bit S15Pup installation.
ToOpy
ToOpPy Linux is a French distribution based on Puppy Linux. The project provides a lightweight distribution which includes many small utilities and can be run either from a live disc or installed on the hard drive.
If I find a guy with a 32 bit computer not working. I would boot one of these images and analyse the problem first hand, with the hardware including Graphic Card and RAM. If I cannot boot Puppy Linux, I am certain the RAM is at fault and I discard the hardware, since finding a RAM card for these obsolete hardware is not worth the trouble.
Vanilla DPUP is an excellent Puppy Derivative which has an excellent collection of Linux utilities, whereas, Vanilla OS is a useless, distribution based on Debian which has no software to run on first Live Boot. If I remember right Vanilla OS could not configure WiFI when, I tested it year ago.
It is immutable release and not flexible, defeating the very objectives of Linux and Free Software. I lost interest in and it is trying to entice developers, making mint out of hard working developers. My opinion is do not try it at all and waste your valuable time.
If you do not believe me run both Vanilla Puppy and Vanilla OS on Box utility and see the difference for yourself.
Pretty obvious Puppy Linux comes on top.
Flathub does not know how to queue one application after another.
It tries to do everything at one go, hence it gets chocked.
Linux philosophy is one job at a time with less time allocation for less demanding tasks.
Target Audience
EasyPup 7.2.1, often associated with the EasyOS/Quirky project by Barry Kauler is a specialised, lightweight Linux distribution designed to blend the traditional Puppy Linux experience with the innovative "frugal" and containerized features of EasyOS.
Frugal Installation Focus:
Unlike traditional installations, EasyPup installs to a hard drive or USB stick in "frugal" mode, taking up only a single folder, which allows it to coexist easily with existing operating systems on a partition.
Image Based Distribution:
It is provided as an image file that can be written to a USB flash drive (4GB+ recommended) and will automatically expand to fill the drive, rather than relying on traditional ISO files.
"Run in RAM" Capability:
As with most Puppy variants, it can be loaded entirely into RAM for high speed performance, running well on older machines or low RAM devices.
Version Upgrades and Snapshots:
It supports atomic upgrades, replacing a few files rather than thousands of packages and allows for snapshots to roll back or forward, providing a secure way to manage system changes
Lightweight and Pre-configured:
It comes pre-installed with lightweight software such as web browsers, media players and file managers, making it functional immediately after booting.
Key Differences from Traditional Puppy Linux:
While it shares the same Puppy Linux philosophy, EasyPup 7.2.1 offers a more modern, structured approach aimed at better security and manageability.
Better Security:
It aims to run each application as its own user, increasing protection.
Easy Container Mechanism:
It includes the ability to run applications in isolated containers ("Easy Containers"), which keeps them separate from the main system.
Modern Tools:
It incorporates tools like EasyShare for network management and multiple package managers (PKGget, SFSget, Flapi, Appi)
I have installed Puppy Easy OS on a USB stick.
It has lot of problems, basically due to its container technology. Containers can be used for many uses but mainly for Virtualisation.
What it does is to mount something foreign on top of a very basic operating system.
What it tries to do is to work without link libraries.
Linux is not resource hungry. It allocates and prioritise resources as and when needed. All these techniques are mitigated or vandalised by containers.
In good old days strength and beauty of Puppy were it's small footprint of about 100MB. It has expanded to 1000MB and showings it's vulnerability.
It looks like its seems are bursting.
Gnome has a better Virtualisation package called Box Utility. The beauty of Box Utility is it gives one the ability to try individual packages within the Container.
It consumes lot of RAM and it need fare amount of hardware capacity as reserved space to run Box.
Flathub is inherently bulky.
Yes, Puppy should move forward with new technology but with extreme caution.
It's package installer is FlatPak and it is painfully slow. I wanted to Install Audacity, KDN Live and my favourite browser Firefox but it is getting frozen in mid air like a jet plane without jet fuel. I tried Brave browser and the same outcome. I generally have at least 3 browsers working for me in addition to Firefox.
They are Dillo and Falkon and Konquorer.
Yes FlatPak is a pain compared to Synaptic Package Manager of Gnome (Debian). I have 8GB of RAM and that is enough for my daily work.
If Easy Pup cannot allocate my RAM in an equitable way, I am not going to recommend it to any guy or girl. Currently, there are only a few Puppy derivatives available in 64 bits but luckily I have a collection of old Puppy Images with me, including Ubuntu and Debian derivatives.
Pluses
On the plus side it configures WiFi effortlessly.
Chrome browser is OK.
It allocates entire 8GB USB to a EXT4 File.
Puppy on a USB is my favourite when I am on the move.
Thankfully, today is a holiday and I can drop to sleep while these actions are running in the background.
I re-did everything.
It is all due to container philosophy which is pretty slow.
One should install one application at a time.
Flathub does not know how to queue one application after another.
It tries to do everything at one go, hence it gets chocked.
Linux philosophy is one job at a time with less time allocation for less demanding tasks.
Emmabuntüs Linux
Emmabuntüs is a French based, community driven Linux distribution designed specifically to refurbish old computers, support humanitarian projects, and provide a beginner friendly computing experience. Derived from Debian, it is known for its out of the box readiness, including a wide array of pre-installed software, making it ideal for schools and non profit organisations in France and Africa.
The name is a portmanteau of Emmaüs (a humanitarian organisation) and Ubuntu. It is designed to extend the life of hardware, reducing electronic waste. It was developed by the French based "Collectif Emmabuntüs" over the past 15 years. It is used extensively for refurbishing computers for schools and associations in France and Togo.
Security Enhanced Distributions
I am not a guy who worries about security.
Linux is secure, if one uses user account in addition to root account and has a good password.
Ubuntu always use only one partition and has no user account. That is why I shun Ubuntu as a daily driver.
While Kali Linux is paranoid and I have never used it or tested it all my life.
I begin to hateT ails Linux simply because I cannot use it as a live USB which it did support when I was using it in the past. I always had a USB with Tails installed in it.
Whonix Linux is supposed to be good, if one is security concerned.
I have tested it in the past but not lately.
I begin to like Parrot OS when it was based on light weight MATE. It had Home Edition in addition to Security Edition.
For the sake of completeness, I have made a short theoretical account here. I must state that I have have not tested them within this side of a decade.
Parrot OS is now Debian based. It is a security oriented distribution featuring a collection of utilities designed for penetration testing, computer forensics, reverse engineering, hacking, privacy, anonymity and cryptography. The product, developed by Frozen box, was based on MATE as the default desktop environment but the latest version7 is based on Debian 13. It has two images one called Home and the other Security.
Whonix is a free, Debian based Linux distribution designed for advanced security, privacy, and anonymity. It routes all internet traffic through the Tor network using a unique two virtual machine architecture, preventing IP leaks and de-anonymization.
Whonix utilises a Dual-VM architecture that separates the network operations into two distinct virtual machines. This VM connects directly to the internet and is solely responsible for routing all incoming and outgoing traffic through the Tor network.
This VM sits on a completely isolated internal network and cannot access the internet directly. Its traffic must pass through the Whonix-Gateway.
Because of this isolation, even if the workstation is compromised, the attacker cannot discover the actual IP address or physical location.
Whonix uses a hardened base system based on Kicksecure, which implements strong security defaults and system protections. It makes DNS leaks virtually impossible since the operating system enforces Tor-only connections.
Boot Clock Randomization prevents timing fingerprinting.
Kloak keystroke anonymizer conceals typing style.
Allows one to spin up a temporary Whonix Workstation that erases all traces and activity once closed.
Tails (The Amnesic Incognito Live System) is a security focused, Debian based Linux distribution designed to preserve privacy and anonymity.
It is primarily run from a live USB without altering the host computer, automatically routing all internet traffic through the Tor network and leaving no digital footprint after shutdown.
Tails runs directly in the computer's RAM rather than writing to the hard drive or SSD.
When one shuts down or restart the session disappears entirely, preventing traces of the activity from being recovered late.
All network traffic is forced through the Tor network. This conceals one’s physical IP address and location, making it extremely difficult for third parties to monitor the personal internet activity.
Tails comes with a suite of built in security applications, including the Tor Browser, KeePassXC (for password management), and encryption tools for files and emails (like OpenPGP and Electrum for cryptocurrency).
Encrypted Persistence:
Though Tails is designed to be "amnesic," users can set up an encrypted "Persistent Storage" partition on the USB drive. This allows one to save files, bookmarks and specific configuration settings between uses while keeping them protected.
Kali Linux is officially listed as originating from Gibraltar. The distribution is based in Gibraltar.
While its "origin" is listed as Gibraltar due to company registration and base operations, it is a global, Open Source Project with contributors and users worldwide
Development:
It is maintained and funded by Offensive Security, a company that provides cybersecurity training and penetration testing services.
Company Registration:
Records indicate the existence of "Kali Linux Limited," which is registered in Gibraltar.
History:
Kali Linux was released in March 2013 as a rebuild of BackTrack, which was previously developed by the same team.
Kali Linux is an Open Source, Debian based Linux distribution designed primarily for digital forensics, penetration testing and ethical hacking. Developed by Offensive Security, it features a vast collection of specialised cybersecurity tools, a custom patched kernel and a strict security model suitable for both professionals and students. It includes over 600 pre-installed tools for information gathering, vulnerability analysis, wireless attacks, password cracking, and reverse engineering.
Security Defaults:
Network services are disabled by default to keep the system secure out of the box.
Features a specialised Linux kernel patched for wireless packet injection, making it ideal for Wi-Fi assessments.
The system automatically receives continual updates, so you do not need to reinstall the entire OS for new features.
Penetration Testing:
Evaluating systems and networks for security weaknesses.
Digital Forensicsand Incident Response (DFIR):
Tracing activities, analyzing data, and investigating security incidents
Ethical Hacking:
Used in a controlled test environment to test systems only with explicit authorisation.
I made a big mistake of not activating 683 UPDATES amounting to 2.6GB but the folder has only 2.1GB left. I am glad I did not try instslling Blender. Only added few browser and VLC.
I hope Software problem sort out after updates.
This version is based on the latest Linux kernel. I had lot of problem installing it on my NUC about 18 months ago.
Installing Software is a big problem with both Big Linux Software center and Flatpak having conflicts. Overall it is better KDE than KDE Neon User (old kernel ).
Now I have 8 distributions in my NUC and two of them are Debian GNOME. ARCH cannot have two versions of CachyOS, say one with GNOME and one with KDE on separate partitions. It recognise the last installation and ignore the previously installed image.
Big Linux
BigLinux is a user friendly, Brazilian developed Linux distribution based on Manjaro/Arch. Known for its high customization, it features the KDE Plasma desktop with multiple pre-configured layouts (including Windows like). It is optimised for both new and older hardware, offering excellent performance, proprietary driver support, and a pre-installed "Big Store" software center. It switched from Ubuntu to Manjaro/Arch in 2021, providing access to AUR, Flatpak, and Snap packages. It is focused on beginners and Windows converts, featuring a highly polished interface out of-the box. Lightweight options exist, making it suitable for older PCs working well with 2GB–4GB RAM. It offers unique, deep desktop customiaation options within KDE Plasma. It includes unique tools like the "Big Store" for software and specialised web applications (Netflix, Discord, Office). It is often described as having an earth-shattering default look, it comes with multiple interface themes.
I decidee to erase KDE Neon and install Big Linux instead. I already have KDE Desktop and Big Linux is also based on KDE with more options for customization.
KDE Neon
KDE neon uses the KDE Plasma desktop environment, specifically configured to showcase the latest, bleeding edge version of Plasma, along with up to date KDE applications and Qt frameworks. It is built on top of the latest Ubuntu LTS (Long Term Support) base.
Default desktop is Plasma 6.
Neon User Edition 6.6.4 was tested and is installed in my NUC. I did not realise until I installed Gnome on top of the KDE base, that it was Ubuntu based distributions. I shun all Ubuntu derivatives of Linux for many reasons. Just as good, I tested it inadvertently, to get the real feel of old Ubuntu. I had to install Gnome 3 times to get all its components, ready. Ubuntu Noble/Universe was the repository. It was badly maintained and it took a very long time to download and inappropriately long time to boot up.
It had multiple desktop iterations, going up to 14 in both X-11, Classic and Wayland iterations.
I painfully, tested all of them and all were bad except the two Plasma (X-11 and Wayland) versions. Gnome versions were ugly and the icons were huge without any distinguishing features. What was noteworthy was customer analysis icon was blurred, perhaps fearing adverse comments and almost invisible. When, I clicked it I got a huge panel which looked liked a statistical package which I would not bother feed in information. On Gnome version when one click with the mouse only one would be able to see the panels and dialogue boxes which was irritating to say the least. I have Gnome Classic Desktop in my Debian installation and it gives the lovely old nostalgia, stereotype but legible.
This is the first time, I had a fell of the Wayland compositor Saga in real life situation. I am a guy who is not interested in frills and fringes on the Gnome desktop but standard look and above all functionality. Only bright panel icons in various colours which I can spread around the desktop as I wish them to be in order of access priority without interfering with my work activities.
Since, it had multiple iterations of X-11, Wayland and Gnome Classic, I could for the first time see the real desktop effects of the compositor.
They were non productive and to say the least irritating distractions to my work flow.
I was a well organised guy as a medical man both in Ceylon and abroad which was an asset. Working with completely unknown characters is the order of the day in hospitals.
User Edition is the recommended edition for everyday users who want the latest, stable KDE software immediately upon release. While the KDE is "rolling release", the underlying OS base is Ubuntu LTS. Unlike other distributions, KDE neon delivers the KDE Plasma desktop exactly as the KDE developers intended, with no patches or changes to default settings. It offers customisation while being feature rich.
Unfortunately, with the older image, installing desktop environments other than Plasma is not supported. It uses Discover when installing applications via Snap or Flatpak.
ARCH-Ultimate Edition ARCH Linux
Arch Ultimate Edition Linux is an Arch based distribution designed to be a feature rich and highly customised desktop operating system. It is geared toward both new and experienced users, aiming to provide a powerful environment out of the box, often with a focus on gaming, It is geared towards developers and advanced end users but it aims for ease of use.
The desktop environments I have used is KDE Plasma and in my opinion it is the best KDE Plasma without any overhead to play games.
However, one can add applications and make it a stand alone Music Player.
That is what I did within 2 hours, downloading, writing it to a USB stick, installing and adding, AbiWord, AVL, Audacious, GIMP, Blender and Dolphin File Manager to organise my work place.
It uses the Calamares GUI installer and the installation was brisk, under 15 minutes, due to no unnessary overhead.
In reality as if there was no desktop hindering work output but the whole screen to play games.
I got Dolphin installed but no Nautilus.
No Synaptic Package Manager but it has Cinnamon and XFCE Images.
All sand-boxed with Flatpak.
The Plymouth greeter is pleasing and it did not ruin my long GRUB Menu.
It is the best option available for any annoyed Ubuntu User.
I could not believe how i missed it for so long?
I decided to install Linux on one /root partition except Debian.
Reasons;
1. I can have a total of 8 distributions on my NUC.
2. The purpose is for Testing and not for Regular Use. Not as daily drivers.
4. The installation is easy on a single partition.
5. Besides, I would have at least two instances of Debian Gnome.
One as a Daily Driver and the other for Testing.
By the way, I deleted Pearl Linux and substituted CachyOS due to two reasons. Pearl is still on old kernel. CachyOs has sorted out its GRUB Boot Loader problem. It can now coexist with other Linux distributions.
The distributions already installed were;
1. Debian
2. Pearl Linux
Again old Bookworm kernel and has MacOS like MATE Desktop. It also has Openbox Window Manager. It has Synaptic Package Manager which is a bonus.
Therefore I can install GNOME.
3. KDE Neon User
Beautiful KDE 6.6 but incompatible with GNOME.
4. PCLinux Dark Star
My old favourite but had DNF package manager and has limited applications.
Almost nothing from GNOME base
5. AV Linux
This belongs to old kernel of Bookworm.
I keep it to play with Enlightenment Desktop.
It is based on MX Linux.
Installation is pretty fast.
6. GNOPPIX
Gnoppix is pretty good.
Updates took a lot of time.
However, GNOME Desktop runs smoothly on SDDM.
I had some problem adding a User Account. Could not have reasonable password for an extra user. It seems to rely on Root Permission for full functionalit.
7. BlueStar Linux
It is the most beautiful KDE Desktop.
I am Installing the latest image which is 6.8GB. It has torrent file now. Old kernel had some glitch with WiFi Network configuration. It has iron out that problem. I choose Deskpro which has more tools. It has 3 desktops Desktop,Deskpro and Developer (3Ds).
Red and Green Colour CODE in the terminal is impressive.
Octopi is the best package manager of ARCH. I do not know the difference between Desktop and DeskPro.
I am Installing it on a single /root partition. Installation is smooth and brisk. Previous image had problem with Updates and that was the reason I did not use it for sometime. No problem with system Updates except two packages not available in AUR repository.
8. Reborn OS
RebornOS is my favourite and is the easiest of all to install. Package Manager is simple and in graphic mode. This is the distribution, I recommend for a newbie.
9. Debian Testing
10. CachyOS
All distributions in only 20 Partitions with only Debian having 5 separate partitions.
I made a mistake of allocating /boot partition less than 500MB and after finishing installing 8 other distributions none did boot. It was not an EFI partition but most likely legacy FAT partition. I, guess after rewriting 8 times /boot partition got corrupted.
Red Warning was there but I could not read it due fast booting. Well I reinstalled 8 distributions having redistributed enough /root partition space for each each distribution, without Pearl OS and PCLinux.
My assumption was 20GB is enough for a basic installation but 30GB is ideal.
Only Debian GNOME proper got 70GB and the Testing Debian got only 23GB. Having an assortment of USB sticks with Installable Images of various distributions saved me from nasty and rude destructive force of Pear Linux. Please note Pear OS is one distribution, I would not recommend, even to an enemy.
11. Two Editions Emmabantus
I do not hate it, but I would never recommend it to any soul on this Planet.
It is worse than Zorin OS.
MANJARO is not in the Same League of ARCH
I Revisited MANJARO after very long lay off. This is just to make are review in my upcoming book "Linux Essentials".
There was a BBC guy who laughed at garlic and it has antiplatelet activity and together with low dose aspirin lowers cardiovascular episodes.
Lowering of lipids by American drugs is a CIA conspiracy (aided by scientific community) and with long term simavastin treatment old guys / girls get Dementia.
Antilipid drugs do not lower cardio-vascular episodes.
Reproduction from Wikipedia
Garlic and Medical Research
Cardiovascular
As
of 2015, clinical research to determine the possible effects of
consuming garlic on hypertension has found no clear effect.
A
2016 meta-analysis indicated there was no effect of garlic
consumption on blood levels of lipoprotein(a), a biomarker of
atherosclerosis.
Because
garlic might reduce platelet aggregation, people taking anticoagulant
medication are cautioned about consuming garlic.
Cancer
A
2016 meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies found a
moderate inverse association between garlic intake and some cancers
of the upper digestive tract.
Another
meta-analysis found decreased rates of stomach cancer associated with
garlic intake, but cited confounding factors as limitations for
interpreting these studies.
Further
meta-analyses found similar results on the incidence of stomach
cancer by consuming allium vegetables including garlic.
A
2014 meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies found
that garlic consumption was associated with a lower risk of stomach
cancer in Korean people.
A
2016 meta-analysis found no effect of garlic on colorectal cancer.
A
2014 meta-analysis found garlic supplements or allium vegetables to
have no effect on colorectal cancers.
A
2013 meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies found limited
evidence for an association between higher garlic consumption and
reduced risk of prostate cancer, but the studies were suspected as
having publication bias.
A
2013 meta-analysis of epidemiological studies found garlic intake to
be associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer.
Common cold
A
2014 Cochrane review found insufficient evidence to determine the
effects of garlic in preventing or treating the common cold.
Other
reviews concluded a similar absence of high-quality evidence for
garlic having a significant effect on the common cold.
