Python Versions in Debian Linux

 Python Versions in Debian Linux

Debian Linux distributions typically include specific Python versions, with newer Debian releases generally featuring more recent Python 3 versions.  

The default Python version often refers to Python 3, while older Python 2 versions might still be available for compatibility with legacy systems.

 

Here are some examples of Python versions found in different Debian releases:

  

Debian Trixie: Python 3.13

 

Debian Bookworm: Python 3.11

 

Debian Bullseye: Python 3.9 (with minimal support for Python 2.7)

 

Debian Buster: Python 2.7, Python 3.7

 

Debian Stretch: Python 2.7, Python 3.5

 

It is possible to install specific Python versions on Debian, even if they are not the default for a particular release, using tools like apt or by compiling from source.

 

Python 3.9

 

Python 3.9 is a specific, stable version of the Python programming language, released in October 2020, known for introducing significant quality-of-life improvements.

 

In essence, Python 3.9 was a significant update that streamlined common tasks, improved developer experience with typing and syntax, and laid groundwork for future versions, even as it concluded its main support phase. 

 

 Although it's a mature version, Python 3.9 reached its official end-of-life (EOL) in late 2025, meaning it no longer receives standard support but remains in use, especially in stable environments like Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).

 

Red Hat is resistant to change and that is why I am totally dissociated from Redhat and Fedora. 

Should a Meditator be Fully Shaven or Not?

I do not think Buddha was fully shaven judging by the all the Buddha Statues.

I think he was neither fully shaven or had a bushy face.

Judging by his "Middle Way" he ought to have not been in the extremes.

In any case, he was enligtened, man supreme and he did not have to bother about his appearance. 

He was just presentable to his clientele.

I may have opened a can of worms but that was not the intention.

Well this is an attempt to write an introduction to my book on Meditation Commercilized (not the exact title).

This book does not contain techniques which were vandalized by the Indian Nigantayans. The book "Visuudhi Magga" is a classic example of an Indian monk Buddhagosha who came here to distort Dhamma. 

Indians were dead against Buddhism getting established in CEYLON.

Buddhism was an antithesis to ritualistic "Niganta Philosophy". Their "Kama Sutra" philosophy and Nakedness with Rooted phalus was an antithesis to me as a doctor.

That is why I never visted India or Tibet.

This Dalai Lama is also an antithesis to me. An Indian stooge who could not stand up to Chinese invasion.

He was a coward.

So from Steven Greer who got a wrong dose from Indian Meditation to this amiable guy whose name I forget to Ajan Chah to Ajan Brahma Wanso, none have achieved even the state of Sovan.

I got his name through Bashar an imaginary man of future. His name is Darrel Anka (not the singer). He used to distort Buddhist Meditation. I had a frontal attack on him and he disappeared from YouTube but lot of guys were duped.

Just like NPP/JVP duped the gullible mass.

Commercialization is an antithesis to Dhamma Goals.

I am not looking for Sovan Status due to a different personal reason.

I wish to be REBORN.

Not like Jayaratne Pathiraarchchi who wishes to become a Buddha one  day.

Very Simple logic of my design is humanely pragmatic and not exotic as with Jayaratne Pathiraarchchi.

I wish NOT to born in CEYLON again not due to fear of RAVANA CURSE already befallen on Ceylon.

I hate WAR.

I hate enormous Wealth.

I am a Teacher but only on Linux Principles much close to Buddhism but not on medicine.

I am a writer and a I have few more books to finish.

This Planet is Zero Civilization controlled by War Mongers coming from America, Israel and Middle East.

I wished to be born in a Zero 1 civilization without war and enormous wealth. 

I do not think I come back to CEYLON until I am over 80.

BSD-15 Killer Beast

BSD-15 is a Killer Beast.

I mounted BSD 15 from a USB.

It has no live Session.

I wanted to write it on a USB and test it as I do with Linux Distribution.

I was in Slumber for a long while.

Last time I used BSD was in 2020 Coronavirus pandemic.

It ERASED Microsoft dedicated Laptop boot record.

Boot password was unknown.

Chinese guys in Singapore cheated me but I bought it for 35 US dollars.

Not a loss

This was not my first Laptop.

It is working and has Endless OS.

If you want to ERASE a Microsoft Laptop use Free BSD.

 

Endless OS is a another Laptop killer.

It ERASED my hard disc identifying it as an external disk.

I installed it on 32GB USB.

Both were dysfunctional.

 

What a day?

By the way, I only loss was working last copy of Linux Essentials.

I have over 150 copies of this book which the last copy went over 500 pages.

I was padding it up.

I want it to be 400 pages.

It is over 550 now with lot of information on Mini PCs 

Nobody reads a big copy.

It was not intended to be a reference book.

Mak-kos. Mack-kas, and Mac OS

 

Mak-kos. Mack-kas, and Mac OS

1. Makkos (Mathiwarana Komasaris) is our Election Commissioner.

He trains his officers to rig the count at Counting Stations.

This was what happened in Kandy, last time round.

They (counting officers) are given drinks after midnight and the covert operation begins.

They should be sacked (according to our civil service practice that originates from British) from their normal work and appoint them as our foreign ambassadors after the victory parade.

2. Makkas are the fleas in Sinhala vernacular.

They rig the voter at home and at the polling booths.

They are blood suckers and live on blood (political violence).

3. MacOs is Apple Mackintosh Computer with its latest Operating system to rig the results.

Last time they were imported from India with Indian hacker's to help the commissioner.

This time they come from America, now that Steve Job is dead it is easy to use Mac Os for rigging.

It is called “Computer Gilmart”.

Ten or More Things Apple Mac won’t tell its customers.

Posted on October 21, 2011

Ten or More Things Apple Mac won’t tell its customers.

1. It is a Unix derivative i.e. BSD (Berkeley Systems Distribution) which form the basis for both MacOS X and the iOS that powers the iPhone.

2. It was hooked to a O.E.M platform (Power PC) till recently.

3. BSD is what Darwin is based on.

4. Darwin is Apple’s Open Source Unix operating system foundation.

Somebody should revive this, now that Steve Job is no more.

The Darwin kernel is equivalent to the MacOS X kernel plus the BSD libraries and commands essential to the BSD Commands environment.

5  It uses Open Source OpenGL – Standard 3D graphics library

6. jEdit  4.3

7. Perl  5.10  Accessible through Terminal under Utilities

8. Python  2.6.1  Accessible through Terminal under Utilities

9. Python  3.3  Accessible through Terminal under Utilities

10. Ruby  1.8.7  Accessible through Terminal under Utilities

Items 6 to 10  are programming languages (now mostly platform independent) which made the backbone of  Linux.

11. Audacity   is a Linux derivative

12. Thunderbird is a Linux derivative

13. VLC    Media Player is a Linux derivative

14. Geogebra   is a Linux derivative

15. TeX

No operating system is Pure and I have not used OpenOffice or LibreOffice since they originated from Sun Solaris system and later became Open Source.

 

Not the Top 20 Linux distributions

Not the Top 20 Linux distributions 

Whoever who has written this article has no understanding of the current status of the Linux in evolution. Must be a Microsoft guy.

1. Reborn OS my favorite is not there.

2. BlueStar Linux is not there 

3. Cachy Os is not there.

4. Omarche is not there

5. Kiro Linux is not there

6. Arch Linux is not there

7. Knoppix is not there 

8. AV Linux is not there

9.  Alpine Linux is not there

10. Garuda Linux is not there

11. Nix OS is not there

12. Bodhi Linux is not there

13. Void Linux is not there 

14. Kali Linux

15. Parrot OS

16. Debian

17. Endeavor OS 

18. Mageia

19.  Gnoppix

20.  Tuxedo is not there

 

This pieces is retrieved from my archive!

Reproductions

Top 20 Linux distributions

It is strange this guy missed Debian Linux, Big Daddy of all Linux derivatives.

In recent years, Linux distributions have become increasingly user-friendly, making them an appealing choice for new and experienced users alike. With so many options available, it can be challenging to determine which distribution is right for you.

To help you make an informed decision, we've compiled a list of the top 20 user-friendly Linux distributions that cater to a wide range of needs and preferences.

Ubuntu

 Arguably the most popular Linux distribution, Ubuntu is renowned for its ease of use, vast software repository, and strong community support. It offers a clean, modern interface with the GNOME desktop environment (not really), making it an ideal choice for those transitioning from Windows or macOS.

Not for me.

It made a mess in Wayland and disappeared into thin air.

I do not recommend it to a newbie. 

Linux Mint

 A close contender to Ubuntu, Linux Mint is known for its familiar, Windows-like interface built on the Cinnamon desktop environment. It provides an intuitive and polished user experience, along with excellent multimedia support and a robust software manager.

It has two problems.

Violate Linux principles and add proprietary code.

It has now moved to Debian.

I recommend Debian Mint. 

Fedora

 Sponsored by Red Hat, Fedora is a cutting-edge distribution that features the latest technologies and software packages. With its GNOME desktop environment and a focus on innovation, Fedora is a great choice for developers and tech enthusiasts.

This is the worst to use (I won't elaborate any more, let the user discover himself or herself) but better go for SuSe

openSUSE

 With its unique YaST configuration (Yast is no longer its configuration tool) tool, openSUSE offers a powerful yet user-friendly experience for both beginners and advanced users. Available in two editions—Leap (stable) and Tumbleweed (rolling release)—openSUSE caters to different user preferences.

Read my comments elsewhere in this blog place.

It has a different tool for YAST.

Manjaro

Manjaro is a user-friendly Arch Linux-based distribution that offers a simplified installation process, rolling release model, and access to the Arch User Repository (AUR). It supports multiple desktop environments, including Xfce, KDE, and GNOME.

I strogly Disagree.

It has become tool of Israelite and instead of using StuxNet, this distribution is used for spying. I won't install it in my unit.

Zorin OS

Designed specifically for newcomers to Linux, Zorin OS boasts a Windows-like interface and an intuitive user experience. It is based on Ubuntu, offering compatibility with its vast software library and support resources.

This is the worse distribution to fallback 

Elementary OS

With its macOS-inspired design, Elementary OS is an elegant and lightweight distribution based on Ubuntu. It features the custom-built Pantheon desktop environment and a curated selection of apps, ensuring a cohesive and streamlined experience.

The woman who promoted this distribution has no understanding of how Linux operates.

It is stuck at 8.1 for ages. 

Pop!_OS

Developed by System76, Pop!_OS is a sleek, performance-oriented distribution based on Ubuntu. It features a customized GNOME desktop environment and is optimized for productivity and gaming, making it an excellent choice for power users.

Same comments I made for Ubuntu applies here.

Do not use it. 

Solus

 Solus is an independent, rolling-release distribution that offers a unique Budgie desktop environment. Focused on performance and simplicity, Solus provides a curated selection of software and a streamlined user experience.

Minimal and i have not tested it. 

Deepin

Hailing from China, Deepin is a stylish and user-friendly distribution that features a custom-built Deepin Desktop Environment (DDE). It offers an intuitive interface, a robust software center, and excellent out-of-the-box support for multimedia codecs.

Do not fall to Chinese trap and good looking Desktop appearance.

This is the only desktop I could not mount ion ARCH and Reborn.

Code is different and the desktop is heavy on RAM .

I do not recommend it. 

Peppermint OS

 Peppermint OS is a lightweight distribution based on Ubuntu that combines the LXDE desktop environment with elements of the Xfce desktop. It is designed for speed and efficiency, making it an excellent choice for older hardware or low-resource systems.

It has woken up from slumber.

MX Linux

 A cooperative venture between the antiX and former MEPIS communities, MX Linux is a stable, midweight distribution featuring the Xfce desktop environment. It is known for its excellent hardware support and easy-to-use tools.

Pretty good and I have a copy in my NUC.

Lubuntu

Lubuntu is a lightweight, Ubuntu-based distribution that features the LXQt desktop environment. It is designed for older computers and low-spec hardware, offering a low-spec hardware, offering a fast and efficient computing experience without sacrificing usability.

I have no experience and never used it due to lack of software. 

Kubuntu

Kubuntu is an Ubuntu-based distribution that features the KDE Plasma desktop environment. Known for its versatility and customization options, Kubuntu provides a visually appealing and feature-rich experience for users who prefer the KDE ecosystem.

I hate KDE desktop because it is heavy on RAM and slow to boot up.

 

Xubuntu

 Xubuntu is another Ubuntu-based distribution, this time featuring the lightweight Xfce desktop environment. It offers a clean, efficient, and user-friendly experience, making it an excellent choice for users with older hardware or those seeking a more streamlined desktop.

No experience. 

Ubuntu MATE

 Ubuntu MATE is an official Ubuntu flavor that features the MATE desktop environment, a continuation of the classic GNOME 2 interface. It offers a traditional and familiar computing experience, along with the stability and support of the Ubuntu ecosystem.

Very light and lacks software. 

Ubuntu Budgie

 Another official Ubuntu flavor, Ubuntu Budgie features the modern Budgie desktop environment, offering a clean and intuitive user experience. It is an excellent option for users who prefer a more contemporary interface without sacrificing ease of use.

I think it is dysfunctional. 

Linux Lite

 Based on Ubuntu, Linux Lite is designed to be a lightweight and user-friendly alternative for users with older hardware or those transitioning from Windows. It features the Xfce desktop environment and a selection of pre-installed software for common tasks.

This comes from New Zealand.

It is based on Ubuntu and i do not recommend, hence.

Lacks software. 

ChaletOS: 

ChaletOS is an Ubuntu-based distribution with a strong focus on simplicity and ease of use. It features a clean, Windows-inspired interface and offers a smooth transition for users coming from a Windows background.

Good one for games but outdated. 

PCLinuxOS

Good distribution in the past and i used it as my base.

During 64 bit era it sunk and never recovered. 

 PCLinuxOS is an independent distribution with a strong focus on user-friendliness and hardware support. It offers a rolling-release model, along with a choice of desktop environments, including KDE, MATE, and Xfce.

With so many user-friendly Linux distributions available, it has never been easier to find the perfect fit for your needs and preferences.

Whether you're a newcomer to the world of Linux or a seasoned professional, the diverse array of distributions on this list offers something for everyone. Explore your options and enjoy the freedom and flexibility that Linux has to offer.

කුලියට කහින චමුදිතට

කුලියට කහින චමුදිතටත් කෙලෙවෙන දවසක් ඇත. 

එදිනට ඔහුට කිසිම කෙනෙක් නැතිවනු ඇත.

කටේ සහ කැටේ සැරට කවුරුත් ඔහු සමග ගැටෙන්නේ නැත.

 

ජපියේ මේවලාමත් කටේ හයිය පමණයි.

ජාඩියට මුඩිය වැනිය.

 

මම අකමැතිම නිවේදකයාය ඔහුය.

මම ඔහු දුටු විගස, TV එක වසා දමනවා.

අනිකුත් අයත් එලස කරනු මැන. 

උදේට මුහුණට  මුඩිච්ජ වෙන්න නුසුදුසු මනුස්සයෙක්.

Thank YOU - BlueStar Linux

The distribution that installs fastest is MX Linux 25 version.

It installs under 10 minutes.

Its has its own installer.

It is based on antiX and I am waiting for AntiX to come with its latest version.

By the way, MANJARO goes into panic mode when its Boot USB sees Debian GNOME is in the /root file.

It cannot count more than 10 GPT (GNOME) Partitions and I have 30. Most of its developers I believe are in Israeli and many companies in Israel use MANJARO.

If may be that Israelites do not want to see guys outside of Israel use MANJARO.

It is somewhat similar to Gnoppix guys in Singspore do not want others outside use Gnoppix.

Look at the list at www.distrowatch.com which gives a probable country specific distributions.

Ceylon is known for not using Linux.

We had few smart guys and they were bought up by Fortune companies. 

Octopi is an excellent Package Manager.

It lets me install MATE, Gnome and Cinnamon on top of the most beautiful KDE Desktop.

DeepIn is incompatible.

However Window Managers of GNOME like Enlightenment, Qtile and XMonad are incompatible. 

However, IceWM is OK and intact.

 

These are, X11 derivatives and KDE is moving away from X11.

 

So, if you want keep using them use GNOME. This is the very reason I do not like Gnome moving towards Wayland.

There is a solution.

Use two Isos.

One X11based and the other Wayland.

KDE cannot accomplish that feat.

That is the reason, I am not using KDE.

 

I would be batting with Debian Forky come New Year and Next Year.

There are no more updates from now onward.

I am in holiday mode and mood.

Gnoppix Linux-Update

Gnoppix Linux-Update

It comes in Xfce and KDE desktops and is around 3GB

Gnoppix is a Linux distribution based on Arch Linux available in for amd64 and ARM architectures.

Gnoppix is a great choice for users who want a lightweight and easy-to-use with security in mind. Gnoppix was first announced in June 2003.

Currently we're working on a Gnoppix version for WSL, Mobile devices like smartphones and tablets as well.

  

Installation attempt failed. 

 

Update

Let me revise my opinion on Gnoppix.

www.distowatch.com has made some adverse comments. I do not go by this author's advice.

When I started using Linux there were only 34 guys globally using Linux on a 32 bit Desktop Computers. I was one among the 34. 

 

Then, www.distrowatch.com was not in existence.

 

There was a site called Linux Freedom from where I used to get old Iso images.

 

I started with Mepis and moved to SuSe and Debian.

 

When I went to Singapore collect a paid version of SuSe, Singaporean did not know what was Linux.

Then there was a distribution called Linupus, Redhat based distribution that came probably from Hon Kong.

 

I was into Redhat by then. 

 

Gnoppix comes from Singapore.

 

Today, I am using Free Version and I did have to give my email address like for ELive. 

Paid version one can download from SouceForge but they are blocked by a log in in password.

No password works any one of them. 

 

I could not configure the WiFi when I used it in the past.

 

There were no passwords in the past and  I have not mentioned about password blockage in any of my blog pieces here. 

 

I used KDE desktop.

 

I do not like them using /root level desktop commission.

No User Level.

 

That is why I do not use Gnoppix. 

If YOU are trying to Test Drive and install Gnoppix do not activate the INTERNET.

In mid installation, guys from Singapore blocks your attempt to install, so they can ask for the Subscription.

It is not a fully fledged KDE.

For example it has Gparted.

Gparted without a password in Live Session can be destructive to the Hard Disk. 

It does want to own hard disk just like Microsoft Windows and it won't coexist with Debian.

I won't recommend it to any "Soul".

I can very well judge Chinese guys.

I never tried DeepIn.

 

I did not know they have a paid version.

I did not try a paid version. 

I have never used a paid version all my life except Windows 7.

 

I am no longer a Windows user. 

 

Reproduction 

Why Gnoppix Linux?

Gnoppix is an open-source project, not a company. We’re a lifestyle where everyone’s welcome to join and share ideas.

Gnoppix provides you with a secure, anti-forensic, and anonymous operating system. It includes all the features a privacy-conscious person needs. Effortless Privacy & Security

Using Gnoppix is incredibly simple: just boot it from a USB drive on your PC. You’ll have a fully running operating system with an established VPN connection, Tor connection, and DNScrypt service – all running automatically. No complex setup or prior Linux knowledge is required; it’s secure by default.

The entire OS functions from your temporary RAM. Once you shut it down, no trace is left behind – all your activities are completely wiped. Built on a Solid Foundation, Designed for the Future

Gnoppix was first publicly announced in June 2003.

It’s primarily based on Debian, offering robust stability and long-term support, which is especially beneficial in business environments. Additionally, its core desktop is based on Arch Linux, allowing users to test software with the very latest kernel, which solves compatibility issues sometimes found with newer programs on older systems. Both come complete with a set of additional software repositories, providing the latest 64-bit versions of the newest desktop environments, frameworks, and toolkits.

Beyond the popular Gnoppix Desktop, we’re also developing a Docker version of Gnoppix. Plus, we’re actively working on a Gnoppix version for mobile devices like smartphones and tablets.

You can use Gnoppix Linux in two ways: live boot from a DVD/USB for temporary, trace-free sessions, or install it on a desktop, laptop, or microdevice for a permanent setup. A Thriving, Friendly Community

The heart of Gnoppix is its ever-growing community. Without our dedicated members, Gnoppix wouldn’t be where it is today. The community actively assists each other, sharing tips and tricks for a better Linux experience.

Join us! Connect with fellow Gnoppix users and contribute to our journey:

Manjario Linux UPDATED

I could not Install Majaro Linux.

It could no read the non serial complicated Partition Table of 35 partitions.

I had a catastrophe where BDS formatted my Hard Disk of 320GB Toshiba. I did a complete revamp of the hard disk with 28 partitions, 5 less than before and I left 42GB space for any future addition (of new and innovative distribution that can mount on my NUC.

It takes the record of fastest installation in 14 minutes.

Incidentally, image was written on a SD card mounted on a USB mounting Stick.

Revisting REBORN OS

I have had a catastrophe.

BSD erased my 320MB Toshiba Hard disk and left me wothout a running distribution.

This is the first time it happened to me in all my Linux Desktop Ventire.

No GRUB to boot and BIOS was defunct and no Hard Disk.

BSD file type was not detectable and NUC was configured to detect only Linux and no Windows.

Did not go to panic mode but installed Debian Forky. 

I have kept several Bootable USB sticks including MX Linux for a such an eventuality.

Now REBORN OS has become the RESCUE USB. It is easy and installation is quick.

But beware of the rest of the ARCH Images.

I am back to normal by 7AM and time to go to sleep.

I do all these things in the night.

Partition Table was awkward and up to 35 partitions not in serial order.

I have got it upto 25 with 4 distributions.

2 of Debian GNOME, CachyOS and Reborn OS. I kept 4 partitions for Gnoppix and have 41GB space without partition, so that any new good distribution that comes in 2026 would be tested on that space.

In future any distribution above 4GB would not be tolerated that include UBUNTU, SuSe and Redhat.

Thank YOU REBORN OS.

You have become my Go To Distribution.

Debian Trixie for while in the back seat but Forky is going to my favourite for TESTING new fearures.

I begin to like Rolling Distributions of ARCH.

Messed Up with CachyOS

Yes, I messed up with CachyOS.

I deliberately used NFFS for the / home folder.

It did not detect the mistake while installing.

It did not detect it at booting.

It could not detect my user name probably stored not in /root but in the / home folder.

It gave the first ntital of my name as the User. Both Gnome and KDE mounted OK.

I tried to open /home folder and then only it realized it is a NTFS Folder.

What it means is it is not checking the partitions at Boot Up.

Besides, It did not recognize the two Debian GNOME editions already installed.

On these grounds I am going to demote CachyOS im my list of priorities and I decided give minimum storage capacity and I won't store any valuable data in /home folder of CachyOS.

By the way, Debian Trixie still does not believe in Forky and it did not write an entry in the GRUB folder.

GRUB EFI folder I formatted since BSD destroyed my entire disk by making the entire Hard Disk as an external device.

I installed BSD on a 32GB USB.

It did not boot.

Boot file was not written on the USB.

My only loss is the last copy of my book "Linux Essentials".

I have plenty of copies in USB storage.

This is the first time I have lost a file in my entire life with Linux.

By the way, CachyOS took 25 minutes for its insatallation 3 mintes longer than the aversge 22 minutes. I am Reinstalling CachyOS but it is not going to be my Dailey Driver.

It is going to be Forky from now onwards.

By the way, it could not mount the icons on the Task Bar with home folder being not accessible. Icons are also probably SAVED on the Home Folder.

What a MESS? 

This is why I say, DO NOT listen to these YouTube Gurus.

Do not pay them money.

CachyOS finished installing and it took little longer than 25 mintes.

I am going to ditch Trixie for Forky of Debian

Forky now owns 100GG with 10 Partitions.

Yes, I have ditched Trixie with all the redundant data except copies of 6 books.

Trixie is going to be my secondary distribution.

I have tested almost all distribution including BSD15 which I am not going to recommend.

File system is different.

It cannot be installed into a 32GB USB.

Its EFI iteration is wrong.

It cannot configure WiFi.

It does not have a reliable repository in Australia.

I  not sure which ARCH Distributions out of 6 I am goomg to use.

Reborn is one of them.

For the first time in my entire Linux migration I have used all 10 partion types and I gave 100GB for Forky.

I will give minimum for Trixie.

May be 25GB in total. 

Image is 6.12.

I am trying to Install BSD on a USB Stick

It could not configure the WiFi after 3 attempts.

Australia has 2 BSD sites.

Which part of the country unknown.

Not Queensland.

That  is the reason for failure to configure the WIFi.

I decided to install ofline.

It is stll trying to reach the repository line by line.

Says could not initialize the scan.

It is line, 77 now.

Looking for src 15.

It completed 100% and going through an endless loop.

I am going to kill it.

It does not detect its own written USB.

This may be the reason I gave up with BSD.

However, there was no root restrictions.

No user log in.

That probably follow installation going by my memory of the past which was in 2020 Coronavirus pandemic. 

Before that 2018. 

It destroyed my EFI partition.

I am going have a clean sleet. 

More room for Forky and Trixie delegated to second fiddle. It gets only 35GB out of which 12.5 for /home partition.

I am not going to use any Linux Distribution above 4GB.

MANJARO out on first count.

BlueStar the most beautiful Desktop is also out. It is KDE Desktop and adding Gnome on top is bit iof a pain without my favourite gdm.

Endeavor OS is out and it has no AbiWord.

Gentoo and Bodhi out on first count.

ROSA and Astra of Russia is out.

Guruda is out.

CachyOS has a place.

Linux is a powerhouse

 

The current Linux desktop usage is about 5% and gradually growing and my current mission here is to make it grow to 10%, the minimum penetration before my demise.

It seems that Linux has substantial contribution in server domain. Ubuntu (34%) seems to top the server domain and closely followed by Redhat (33%),Debian (16%) and the rest of 17% by other operating systems. I do not think Microsoft has any big share in the rest of the 17%, and its main interest is in the Desktop Arena where its penetration is nearly 75%.

I do not think, I can convert Apple (Apple in any case is Unix based) users to Linux but, if I can convert 10% of Window’s guys (I have no interest in converting girls by design) to dual boot Linux, my target of 10% could be achieved without much toil and effort. 

I think this will eventually happen due to enormous amount of cost saving.

The money saved can be used to buy new hardware. 

In fact, new hardware is already flooding the market in the name of small-form-factor design of Mini Computers.

By the way, Intel NUC is my base but Intel has decided to leave the market, a surprise move but ASUS is taking over the niche market, in style.

Linux is largely bug free, unlike the Windows which is an operating systems that include Closed Code proprietary software that is infested with many bugs.

Linux Mint may fall to this tragedy due to its inclusion of proprietary code.

47% of professional developers use Linux based operating systems. (Statista)

Linux powers 39.2% of websites whose operating system is known. (W3Techs)

Linux powers 85% of smartphones (Hayden James)

Linux, the third most popular desktop OS, has a market share of 2.09% (Statista)

The Linux market size worldwide will reach $15.64 billion by 2027 (Fortune Business Insights)

The world’s top 500 fastest supercomputers all run on Linux (Blackdown)

96.3% of the top one million web servers are running Linux (ZDNet)

Today, there are over 600 active Linux distributions. (Tecmint)

It is time to “Move Over” from Windows and macOS, because Linux is currently, storming the technology world.

With over 70% of web servers, 100% of the worlds top 500 supercomputers, Android dominating mobile devices and a staggering presence in cloud infrastructure, data centres, embedded systems and the stock market, its clear that Linux is not just,                  an operating system.

It is a powerhouse.

By the way, NASA is using Linux.

Embraced by developers, technological giants, and even Gamers, the Linux influence spans industries and continues to grow, proving that when it comes to innovation and adaptability, the Open Source OS reigns supreme.

Welcome to the world of Linux, where the possibilities are endless and the Code is the King of innovation.

Tussle between X11 and Wayland

 

Tussle between  X11 and Wayland 
 

Gnome and KDE are planning to drop the legacy X11 display server in favor of the Wayland to improve supposed to be security issues. 

The real issue is that new hardware, not providing source code to X11 for performance improvement based on X11 implementation which are based on strict protocols.       

NVidea and Geforce who are profit oriented companies that can handle HDR and high DPI displays want to dominate the market.  

These devices improve gaming performance and the Linux entry into gaming arena is a significant factor in market economy. 

Wayland compositor layer allows developers to focus on new features and optimization without being held back by X11 protocols which remains to this day. 

Gnome and KDE moving to Wayland is to enhance this slow killing of the master of protocols of X11.
 

Wayland cannot handle screen capturing, screen sharing, magnifications and virtual keyboards which X11, supports and is pretty good at. 

However, Wayland in not universal or global protocol but a compositor.  Wayland does not work on old machines which are functional to this day. It does not work on certain old distributions.

Ubuntu created this saga and left the scene and that is why I do not use Ubuntu. 
 

However, X11 is the standard for all Window Managers. 

It was Ubuntu upsetting the apple cart.         

It was a crime. 

There are so many compositors that do not work on old computers. 

I do not mind KDE moving only to Wayland. 

I am ambiguous about Gnome becoming only Wayland. 

It is the total abandonment of Linux Philosophy. 

GNOME and KDE distributions send (alarm bells), electric shock through my spine. I would not bat on for ever on Linux, but  only until  I am 80 and thereafter I would retire. 

It is the responsibility of the young and the enthusiasts to drive Linux Philosophy forward.
 

For users, most applications will continue to work via compatibility layers like Xwayland while many distributions are defaulting to Wayland. Most applications based on X11 will continue to function on Wayland through the Xwayland compatibility layer.
 

This is like throwing the bath water with the baby. 

Guys and who did not make any contribution to Linux code is making decisions to undermine the very nature of Linux at its core.

Yes, it is a crime which is not punishable. 

I won’t live long to see how the future hold for mankind.

Andrea Borman, Lady who uses Linux in UK

Andrea Borman is a Linux Chatter Box in English, Terminology.

There are several common things about her and me.

1. I hate Microsoft Windows and she does too, due to different reasons. I left Windows XP and never went back.

2. She despises FEDORA.

I despise Redhat and Fedora.

3. I use Debian and she uses Debian for the same reason. 

I love Synaptic Package Manager.

4. I hate Wayland and she cannot use Wayland in in her old 32 bit laptops. 

I have an old Laptop (2009) which has Endless OS. 

Microsoft has blocked its boot Menu and only BSD used to boot on it through Ethernet.  

It is a new laptop. 

Over the years I managed to find Endless OS as a replacement. 

It boots very slow.

5. I use Mini PCs. 

I have two.

They are very cheap and one can buy 10 Mini PCs for the price of one new Laptop.

I suppose she buys a Mini PC. 

No laptop battery problem for me.

6. She is old but I am 15 years older than her and I have been using Linux for over 25 years, non stop.

7. I used to work in England as a doctor in 1980s. 

I hate English weather and I live in warmer Australia.

8. I may be the only doctor using Linux and majority of doctors use macOS.

9. I promote Linux.

10. Majority of women do not know, how to use a computer and they prefer a smart phone for chattering.

11. I use ARCH Linux and Reborn OS is the easiest of all. I

 have two Instance of Reborn OS in my NUC which is a Rolling Release.

 

I have two Instances of Linux one is Trixie and the other is Forky.

 

In addition, I have BlueStar Linux and CahyOS 

හන්දියේ පෙට්ටි කඩයක් වත් කරලා නෑ

හන්දියේ පෙට්ටි කඩයක්වත් කරලා නැති නඩයකට රටක්‌ බාර දීපුවම මෙවැනි විනාසයකට මුහුණ දෙන්න බැරි බව චන්දය දීපූ මෝඩයන්ට දැන්වත් තේරුනොත් ඇති.

මේ පණ්ඩිත කෙප්ප රැල පලවා හැර, පරිපාලන යන්ත්‍රය නැවත ගොඩ නැගිය යුතුයි.

විශ්‍රාම හැරිය පල පුරුදු යුද, නාවික සහ ගුවන් හමුදා නිල දාරින්ගේ වටිනාකම දැන් තමයි තේරෙන්නේ.

දැන් ඉන්න නිලධාරීන් ආදුනිකයි වගේ.

ARCH Linux

 

ARCH Linux new Iso is out.

It is 1.3GB.

No Graphical Installer.

 

One has to work on a terminal.

Installation instruction has to be obtained from the Arch WiKipedia.

 

One line at a line of instruction at a time.

WiFi compatible. 

Sugar Desktop Program for Children

  

Sugar is an open-source, constructionist learning desktop environment for Linux, designed to be an alternative to traditional interfaces like Windows or macOS. 

It was originally developed for the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) project and focuses on simplicity, collaboration, and reflection. 

Sugar is available through Linux distributions like Debian and Fedora, or as a Live USB called "Sugar on a Stick," allowing it to be run without modifying the host system. 

 

In Debian SUGAR it is designed according to the age from preschool child to adult.

Prom simple writing skill to piping to advanced Haskell Coding to Latex is there in SUGAR.

 

Fedora's Sugar On a Stick does not mount on my NUC.  

What is installed does not center on my NUC to work on. 

 

These problems are iron out in Forky but exits in Trixie. 

Window Managers under Gnome 9 out of 12 works.

 Yes, I am back after recovering the GRUB. This is under Debian "Forky".

 

Warning

One has to be mindful of the logging manager

GDM is for Gnome

SDDM for KDE which I HATE. It is placed in the most inconvenient place.

By the AV Linux uses Enlightenment Desktop (upgraded from a window manger to a fully functional desktop) which is the heaviest Window manger of over 450MB.

I am posting this under IceWM which I love which is installed under AV Linux.

AV Linux now has Plasma and Gnome as well.

This is what I love in Linux.

These things one cannot do in Windows and AppleMac which I do not use at all. One is stuck with one desktop. They do not have light weight Window managers and they consume heavy RAM at boot up.   

All these window mangers including Enlightenment can be used in old computers and laptops.

This is the time to invest on Linux. 

WDM for Window Maker

When installing these light weight window mangers under Gnome one should keep the Terminal (portion) of the Synaptic package Manager Open. 

It will prompt for the user pick a logging manager and if wdm is used for gdm one may not be able to mount Gnome at boot up.

There no instructions when installing.

On should know what one is doing.

I have done this many times in the past.

Making cardinal mistakes made me to be more prudent over time. 

 

Window Managers

Do not work

1. I3

2. Spectrum

3. Stumpwm

 

Working Window Manager.

They consume less resources but mount AbiWord and K LibreOffice and Firefox. browser 

By the way, Compiz Box worked firat time under gnome. 

I do not miss Blufish since Comiz has most of the code cruncher utilities which I may try once I finish my books.

Compz where i want to sped some time.

Thank you to the Developer boys and girls. 

1. Awesome

2. IceWm my favorite

3. Qtile

5.  Blackbox

6. Flwm

7. Open Box

8. Window Maker, very flashy now

9.  Sugar both independent and installed under Gnome.

This was based on SUGAR, that started with one laptop for every child.

10. Fluxbox was missing under Synaptic Package Manager. 

It is there in Synaptic. 

I need to check. 
 

Flushbox and Blackbox used go hand in hand.

Lynx Browser 

It is available under Gnome in Synaptic Package Manger.

It is available with Fluxbox Window Manager. 

Pisi Linux pissed me off

 

I am Installing PiSi Linux on a single partition.

It looks like it is developed by a Community.

It has no similarly to Pardus at all.

Installer could not initialize my Partition Table and could not count above 10.

One big partition was initialized as ESP and it did not recognize the EFI boot partition. 

No warning.

GRUB failed as I expected.

I won't recommended it to a newbie.

Its has am elaborate graphic installer which is not Calamares.

I am happy it did not do major damage to my hard disk and I do not have a spare hard disk. I left them in CEYLON.

Window Managers on Reborn OS

 

I am getting confident with Reborn OS amd decided to try Window Managers including i3. i3 wants to mount the software manager and wants me to configure the Bluetooth which My NUC does not possess. Unlike in my Gnome I cannot log out and have to use Killer Keyboard Trick. It is basically problem with i3 and not with my NUC.

Xmomd did not boot.

Compiz did not mount unlike Debian, GNOME of Forky.

 

Rest of the Window Managers including IceWM were OK.

 

One should install one item at a time.

 

But Debian's Synaptic Package Manager one can install n- number of applications if they are available and there is enough space in the hard disk.

 

There is no way I leave Debian for a Single ARCH derivative.

Lynx Browser

 

Lynx Browser 

It is available under Gnome in Synaptic Package Manger.

It is available with Fluxbox Window Manager. 

 

Lynx

This is probably the oldest one.
Download size: 1.38 MB
Installed size: 5.15 MB
Package filename: lynx-2.8.7-7.fc16.x86_64.rpm
Source package: lynx-2.8.7-7.fc16.src.rpm
 

Lynx is a text-based web browser for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. 

It allows users to browse the World Wide Web directly from a terminal or console, without the need for a graphical user interface.
Key characteristics of Lynx:

    Text-only display
    Lynx renders web pages as plain text, displaying the content and links, but omitting images, videos, and other multimedia elements.
    Keyboard navigation:
    Users navigate through web pages and interact with links using only the keyboard, making it efficient for command-line environments and users who prefer keyboard-centric workflows.
    Accessibility:
    Its text-based nature makes it particularly useful for visually impaired users who rely on screen readers or for environments where graphical browsers are not available or practical, such as remote servers accessed via SSH.
    Lightweight and resource-efficient:
    As a text-based browser, Lynx consumes minimal system resources compared to modern graphical browsers, making it suitable for older hardware or resource-constrained environments.
    Support for various protocols:
    Lynx supports common web protocols like HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and Gopher, enabling access to a wide range of online resources. 

While less commonly used for general web browsing today compared to graphical browsers, Lynx remains a valuable tool for specific use cases in Linux, such as troubleshooting, accessing documentation on remote servers, or in situations where a lightweight, text-only browser is required.

CachyOS Installation

 

 

 CacyOS installation went on smoothly.

THANK YOU Guys and Girls.

This is posted on Open Box window manger running Firefox my favorite browser. All the other Desktops are working OK.

 

Desktop is neat and tiny Gnome icon is on top of the right hand corner.

 

On the plus side this is the only distribution that let YOU pick additional desktops including Window Manager at installation.

One can pick the major say GNOME and you get gdm at boot up and sddm if one selects KDE. For sddm is not intuitive.

Download size is 2740 if one selects bulk of its options. If the Internet is not fast it may hand up in downloading stage.

On an unrelated incident Gnome of Russian ROSA hang up having read a message Manjaro had written on my Boot Record.

CachyOS does not bother and it will writes its own Boot Record.

CachyOS selects the drivers for the System after installing the base.

It is prudent since it is reading from its own  installation and picks the most suitable driver which is Intel drivers. 310GB for drivers. Unnessary files will be deleted at the end of the installation.

I do not like Live DVDs since the entire lot is cipied at the beginning and remiving the live Image takes a lot of time in the case of Debian GNOME.

Installation is fast with ARCH since Rolling Distributions deoends on the repository and missing files are reported and suppressed as not to halt the installation.

New Zealand repository for MX Linux is the worst and it could not UPDATE the KDE UPDATES.

By the way, packman is pretty good.

Totak installion size is 6856MB.

I have given 25GB for the /root system.

You may wonder how I find time during Night.

I sleep during hot day time which I can afford in my retirement.

 House is fully air conditioned and I sleep well.

1. Deleting partitions = 8 minutes

 

2. Installing partitions = 10 minuted

 

3. Installation =23 minutes

 

Total =41 minutes

 

No time wasted on GRUB since it destroyed the GRUB.

 

Basically no different from Endeavor OS.

It looks bland on the Desktop unlike Endeavor which is flashy but it is very elegant in its functionality.

It is on top of the www.distrowatch.com ranking.

 

SystemD Init. 

 

This was done well past midnight when everybody is in sleep in Australia.

The repository is fast it is the bulk of the files that is over 1550 which takes over 5000GB of the hard disk that takes time in the installation process. Yes it took 5GB of the /root file.

 

Altogether 52 major processes during installation.

Application installation including Blender was pretty fast.

 

Yes, it destroyed the GRUB but I have a ready made solution.

Endeavor OS

  

 I had mishap with Reborn OS. When I installed Brave browser using SNAP (sand boxed), it filled up my /var partition. I could not remove or uninstall Brave so I decided to Install Endeavor OS in real time.

I am testing Gparted and it  has already prepared the 5 partition, rather formatted partition with Reborn. Reborn os could not figure out the final GRUB File and went into frozen stage.

My NUC won't boot.

I used AVL MXE 23.2 to quickly get back the GRUB file.

Its installation was brisk. I already have the latest 25 version in my NUC.

I am going to install Endeavor OS and time it. 

Gnome Desktop. 

Started at 10:58AM.

Finished at 

Formatting took 4 minutes.

Boot Entry or Grub file less than two minutes.

I am sure none of my Installed instances were recognized. 

It did not. I am going to ERASE it using Reborn OS.

Yes, I got Reborn OS back and I won't use SNAP and Brave Browesr.

No snaps but bug process 829MB for download.

836MB download. 

Endeavor OS has come out of Slumber and has come out with Ganymede, I thing is a distant planet.

It is ARCH based KDE desktop. 

It did not boot on Box Utility.

WiFi is brisk.

Installer is Calamares.

It has an elaborate introduction panel right in the middle of the Desktop.

It has MPV media player and Haruna which I have never used.

It has no AbiWord and on that ground I won't use it.

As usual wallpaper breeze is Beautiful but it has only 3 options.

It has ample amount of applications, this time round and I have no hesitation of recommending it to a newbie to try.

Its Desktop is attractive.