Soursop -කටු අනෝදා

 

Soursop

කටු අනෝදා

The botanical name is Annona muricata.

The family is Annonaceae (custard apple family). 

Plants include edible fruit species like Annona (soursop, sugar apple, atemoya) and Asimina (pawpaw) and Rollina.

Rollinia (specifically Rollinia deliciosa or Annona mucosa) is a fast growing tropical fruit tree from the Annonaceae family, known for producing large, yellow, heart shaped fruits with soft spikes. The fruit is famously described as tasting like lemon or sweet, custard-like lemon sherbet, with a gelatinous, creamy texture. It is native to South America and is closely related to soursop and often called biriba, Amazon custard apple or wild sugar-apple.

Soursop is a tropical, evergreen, low branching tree (3–10m tall) in the Annonaceae family and is famous for its large, spiny green fruit with creamy, white, sweet-tart pulp. Native to the tropical Americas, it is widely used in smoothies and traditional medicine. It thrives in high humidity, frost-free climates.

It is a slender, low-branching evergreen with glossy, dark green leaves that emit an aromatic scent when crushed. A heart shaped or ovoid "pseudo-fruit" (syncarp) covered in soft, flexible spines, weighing up to 4.5–7 kg. It thrives in subtropical or tropical lowland areas up to 1,200m elevation. It is primarily grown from seeds, maturing within 3–5 years. The pulp is fibrous and juicy, often described as having a flavour profile blending strawberry, pineapple and citrus with a creamy texture. It is eaten fresh, blended into smoothies, or processed into juices, sorbets, and ice cream.

My favourites is its drink with vanilla ice cream on top.

A good source of Vitamin C (approx. 34% Daily Value), fiber (13% DV) and potassium.

Various parts of the tree, particularly the leaves, are used in traditional medicine, although studies on humans are limited.

It contains Annonaceous acetogenins, which have shown cytotoxic properties in laboratory settings, prompting research into anticancer effects.

The seeds and leaves contain annonacin, a neurotoxin which when consumed in excess may cause harm than good.

Soursop is a fruit rich in Vitamin C, fiber and antioxidants like acetogenins and flavonoids, offering benefits such as boosted immunity, improved digestion, and support for heart health. Other ingredients include carbohydrates, potassium, and various bioactive compounds found in the leaves and fruit. However, some compounds in soursop, particularly in the seeds, can be toxic and neuro-degenerative, so consumption should be in moderation, especially for those with conditions like Parkinson's disease.

Soursop contains:

Vitamins, notably high in Vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant and also contains B vitamins. A good source of potassium and phosphorus, beneficial for heart  and bone strength. An excellent source of dietary fiber, which supports digestive health and helps with feelings of fullness. Rich in flavonoids, tannins, and phytosterols. It also contains a class of compounds called acetogenins, which have various pharmacological activities.  Other compounds include alkaloids, essential oils and other bioactive compounds. The high Vitamin C content supports immune function and helps protect cells from oxidative damage.           The fiber in soursop promotes regularity of bowel motions and helps prevent constipation. Rich in antioxidants and help to fight free radicals, potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Contains potassium and other nutrients that can help maintain healthy blood pressure. Anti-inflammatory compounds found in soursop, particularly the leaves, have been traditionally used to reduce pain and inflammation. Antioxidants and vitamin C contribute to skin health.

The seeds of soursop contain a compound called annonacin, which can be neurotoxic. Avoid crushing or consuming the seeds. Due to potential toxic compounds, consuming soursop in large quantities is not recommended.

Individuals with low blood pressure, low platelet counts, or neurological disorders should consult a healthcare provider before consuming soursop. Pregnant women should also consult with their doctor before using soursop

Anti-inflammatory

Antioxidant

Hypoglycaemic

Anticancer agent

Has acetogenins which inhibit NAD in cancer cell surfaces.

Relieving anti-inflammatory diseases

Preventing diabetes

Soursop benefits are mainly derived from its high fiber content, as it can reduce how quickly sugar is absorbed

Helps with constipation and is a source of fiber that decreases the rate at which sugar is absorbed from foods. This can help to manage blood sugar levels and prevent insulin resistance and diabetes.

Maintain eye health

Protecting the stomach

Soursop contains anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which reduce damage caused by free radicals. It promotes reduction in stomach acid production, making this fruit beneficial for protecting the stomach from gastritis and peptic ulcers and also improving digestion.

Improving stress and anxiety

Soursop leaves contain anonaine and  asimilobine, compounds that have soothing properties, that act on the central nervous system. These compounds interact with serotonin (a neurotransmitter responsible for mood regulation), which can improve mood, stress and anxiety.

Regulates blood pressure

Soursop contains potassium, a mineral that is essential for the body’s elimination of sodium through the urine. Potassium is also important for blood pressure management.

In addition, this fruit also contains antioxidants which promote arterial health and act as a vasodilator.   It helps to promote blood circulation, which can also influence blood pressure.

Soursop strengthen the immune system

Because it is rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, like vitamin C and quercetin, soursop helps to manage excess free radicals and strengthen immune system cells.

Helps to prevent allergies, colds and flu.

Combats constipation

Soursop helps to combat constipation because it is rich in water and fibers. These components promote natural bowel movements and add bulk to the stool, which facilitate stool elimination.

Maintaining hydration in the body

Soursop pulp contains about 82g of water, which can significantly hydrate the body. It is often consumed in hot environments or during exercise, which helps to prevent dehydration.

Possibly prevents cancer

Recent studies show that soursop is rich in acetogenins, which are a group of metabolic compounds that have a cytotoxic effect that targets cancerous cells. In addition, it was noted in some studies that consuming soursop on a long term basis can help to prevent and treat many types of cancers, that include cancers in breast, colon, lung and prostate.

Nonetheless, these studies have only been done in laboratory settings with isolated cells and on animals. More studies are needed in humans to support the possible effect of this fruit on cancerous cells.