Linux History

Linux History

Chronology

1991:

The Linux kernel is publicly announced on 25 August by 21-year-old

Finnish student Linus Benedict Torvalds.

1992:

The Linux kernel is re-licensed under the GNU GPL. The first Linux

distributions are created.

1993:

Over 100 developers work on the Linux kernel. With their assistance, the kernel is adapted to the GNU environment, which creates a large

spectrum of application types for Linux. The oldest currently (as of 2015)

existing Linux distribution, Slackware, is released for the first time. Later

that same year, the Debian project is established. Today it is the largest

distribution community.

1994:

Torvalds judges all components of the kernel to be fully matured: he releases version 1.0 of Linux.

The XFree86 project contributes a graphical user interface (GUI).

Commercial Linux distribution makers Red Hat and SUSE publish version 1.0 of their Linux distributions.

1995:

Linux is ported to the DEC Alpha and the Sun SPARC systems. Over the following years, it is ported to an ever-greater number of platforms.

1996:

Version 2.0 of the Linux kernel is released. The kernel can now serve several processors at the same time using symmetric multi-processing (SMP), and thereby becomes a serious alternative for many companies.

1998:

Many major companies such as IBM, Compaq, and Oracle announce their support for Linux.

The Cathedral and the Bazaar were first published as an essay (later as a book), resulting in Netscape publicly releasing the source code to its Netscape Communicator web browser suite. Netscape’s actions and crediting of the essay brings Linux’s open source development model to the attention of the popular technical press. 

In addition, a group of programmers began developing the graphical user interface KDE.

1999:

A group of developers began work on the graphical environment GNOME, destined to become a free replacement for KDE, which at the time depended on the then proprietary, Qt GUI toolkit. 

During this year, IBM announced an extensive project for the support of Linux.

2000:

Dell announces that it is now the No. 2 provider of Linux-based systems worldwide and the first major manufacturer to offer Linux across its full product line.

2002:

2004:

The media reported, “Microsoft killed Dell Linux.”

The XFree86 team splits up and joins with the existing X standards body to form the X.Org Foundation, which results in a substantially faster development of the X server for Linux.

2005:

The project openSUSE begins free distribution from Novell’s community. In addition, the project OpenOffice.org introduces version 2.0 which then started supporting OASIS Open Document Standards.

2006:

2007:

Oracle releases its own distribution of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. 

Novell and Microsoft announce cooperation for better interoperability and mutual patent protection.

Dell starts distributing laptops with Ubuntu pre-installed.

2009:

Red Hats market capitalization equals Suns, interpreted as a symbolic moment for the “Linux-based economy.”

2011:

Version 3.0 of the Linux kernel is released.

2012:

The aggregate Linux server market revenue exceeds that of the rest of the UNIX market.

2013:

Google’s Linux-based Android claims 75% of the Smartphone market share, in terms of the number of phones shipped.

2014:

Ubuntu claims 22,000,000 users.

2015:

Version 4.0 of the Linux kernel is released.

 

I have posted here the Debian releases which were missed by the Statistics of Ubuntu version distributions for France.

My belief is Ubuntu sources deliberately suppressed the information of Debian.

2021 Linux kernel 5.10 L.T.S

32-bits PC (Intel x86) operating system

Mageia 8 (DVD) Linux 5.10 (Release 28 February 2021, end of life 31 august 2022)

64-bits PC (AMD64) operating system

Mageia 8 (DVD) Linux 5.10 (Release 28 February 2021, end of life 31 august 2022)

Please do not confuse Debian Version with Kernel version.

Debian Version 11 in August 2021

11.0.0-live/ 2021-08-14 22:21

11.0.0/ 2021-08-14 22:21

11.1.0-live/ 2021-10-09 22:53

11.1.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.2.0-live/ 2021-12-18 21:44

11.2.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.3.0-live/ 2022-03-26 22:21

11.3.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.4.0-live/ 2022-07-09 18:33

11.4.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.5.0-live/ 2022-09-11 00:59

11.5.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.6.0-live/ 2022-12-17 20:06

11.6.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.7.0-live/ 2023-04-29 22:47

11.7.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.8.0-live/ 2023-10-08 01:37

11.8.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.9.0-live/ 2024-02-10 23:07

11.9.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

11.10.0-live/ 2024-06-29 22:46

11.10.0/ 2024-06-29 22:46

Debian Version 12 in June 2023

        12.0.0-live/ 2023-06-10 15:57

        12.0.0/ 2023-06-10 15:57

        12.1.0-live/ 2023-07-22 18:50

        12.1.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

        12.2.0-live/ 2023-10-07 22:24

        12.2.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

        12.3.0-NEVER-RELEASED/ 2023-12-10 18:29

        12.4.0-live/ 2023-12-11 01:45

        12.4.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01

        12.5.0-live/ 2024-02-10 21:12

        12.5.0/ 2024-02-19 19:01