The Mohenjo Jaro Harappan Civilization

It is in Northern Pakistan.
Sind District.

2500 BC till 1700 BC.
Discovered in 1919, 4000 years after its abandonment.
Excavation ended in 1960.
Largest city in the Indus Valley Civilization.
Stone blocks and walls are still evident of a large city.

Lost city of human history.
Structured around a grid system.
Buildings are separated by walls and roads.
This culture probably developed about 3000 BC. Thoroughly planned and designed.

Why this city was abandoned?

1. Huge Flood.
2. Political Unrest.
3. Lost Trading Partners.
4. Migration to a better location.
5. Draught
6. Not a warrior race and destroyed by Aryans a warrior and a plunder race.
7. Viral Infection and pandemics.

Arose around the Bronze Age.
Pakistan, India and Afghanistan.
Lasted 3300 BC to 1300 BC, nearly 2000 years.
10% of the civilization lived around this civilization.
Over 1000 settlement locations.

Harrapan
Dholevira
Binawala
Ganweriwela


They were traders or craftsman.
Built by easily destructible clay like material and were not baked to last. Either due to draught or over use of firewood the forest cover disappeared and rain stopped.
In fact, Global Warming.
Icecaps melting and perennial flooding.
Migrated to the water basin.
Built on raised platform to save from flooding.
But texts were written in baked clay tablets.
Prehistoric language called Dravidian.

In the center was a community center.

In the outer perimeter was the market place.

Granary.

Colleague Hall.

Many different pots and vases.

Jewellery


Weights

Children Toys

Copper working

Shell making

Figurines did not indicate gods but the motherly figure.