Update
on Coronavirus
This
is in response to a few of my friends.
In
other words if one takes a vegetarian diet at least in old age
without beef is actually the best way of healthy living.
1.
This virus originated in China and those incubating the disease
landed in Singapore and entered Europe most likely by Singapore
Airline or its subsidiary Airline.
2.
Airline
pilots and cabin crews,
incubating this disease had been traveling all over world before
the travel restriction, including
USA.
3.
It is very difficult to quarantine a patient in a plane in
pressurized atmosphere and it is very common to catch a flu on a long
haul flight.
4.
Few airlines going bust due to credit crisis is welcome and most of
the charter flights, the quality of service plummeted but the their
income went up exponentially.
5.
My last flight by Singapore airline was hopeless and I could not get
a extra glass of water from the cabin crew.
It
was the young passenger who was seated next to me who came to my
rescue and offered me a glass of
water.
6.
China for its own part tried to suppress the information and one of
its doctors who tried to exposed the secrecy succumbed to the virus.
7.
Now 7 doctors in USA had died and another 20 infected due to poor
coordination of public health information of and its potential
danger.
8.
Now even Africa is affected (most likely India, too) due to lack of
testing agents.
9.
In Ceylon they allowed the Chinese travelers free entry and
they are allowed (not Ceylonese
passport officers) to process their own passports- (nowhere
in the world, there is a scheme like this) and only quarantines plane
load of our students.
10,
Our health officers are not divulging the true facts (bungling by the
present governments) about “how late in handling’ the quarantine
issue.
11.Closing
the schools and universities came too late and I bet our election
commissioner will hold elections in spite of the risks involved to
the voter and public who would not bother voting.
12.
Most of our sports facilities (schools,too) do not have proper
washrooms and toilets and the sharing the towel and
water bottle, habit of J.V.P.
camaraderie is a high risk in this country.
13.
In my opinion a face mask is a big risk both of collecting a viral
load and disposing (burning) after use DUE to relatively big size of
the virus which is 120 nm.
A high quality face masks are not
available even in our surgical theaters, not allowing 15 to 20 nm
(that is the size of the small branches of the bronchial tree)
particles that penetrate the virtual lung barrier.
14.
Most optimistic preventive measure is by washing of hands up to the
elbow with soap and water. (The mounting and standing bars of buses
and staircase elevators are never cleaned)
14.
Not to share cutlery and utensils even at home (how many can afford).
15.
Stay at home with early signs of any infection (it is too late in
most infections, disease is spread during the incubation period which
is six weeks in infective hepatitis).
16.
Take Vitamin C (cheaper than fruits) as a habit.
17.
No western medicine available but there are lot of Aurvedic remedies.
18.
Coriander seeds as
a drink and
coriander leaves as a curry.
19.
Garlic, Ginger, Lime, Lemon, Tumeric
(not Wada Kaha) and
Vinegar.
20.
If you can find Perumkayam!
21.
In other words if one takes a vegetarian diet at least in old age
without beef is actually the best way of healthy living.
22.
Egg is allowed as a default vitamin store.
Below
is a reproduction from Wikipedia and I want to make few comments even
though, I am not a virologist.
There
are roughly three types of viruses, DNA, RNA and Retrovirus (AIDS is
an example).
Coronavirus
is
a RNA virus that hijacks the cell protein production factory the
Ribosomes with its own RNA dependent RNA polymerase.
1.
It hijacks cell protein factory the ribosome
2.
Its receptor is cells own protein component.
3.
CD (Cell Definition) classification is yet not well defined.
4.
What cells have this CD specificity is unknown.
5.
It uses a poly-protein of its own creation and a protease to dissect
its own protein components. That leads to relative protein deficiency
for cells that are affected.
6.We
do not know the homology of the viral protein with the normal cell
proteins.
7.
If the homology is great the body won’t mount an active antibody
production to avoid autoimmunity.
8.
Whether it causes protein deficiency and autoimmunity needs to be
worked out.
9.
My belief is that it is an animal virus that causes no problem for in
the animal kingdom but once it enters the humans population it can
create havoc.
10.
If it originated from a bird avoid eating chicken (starve the virus
of its base protein hijacking ability) similarly if it originated
from pigs (bigger animal) avoid eating pork and beef (to starve the
virus of is base protein hijacking ability).
11.
If it originated from bats (most likely), I do not have any
worthwhile suggestion to contribute.
12.
It is better to revert to vegetable protein like ToFu (amino acid
composition is different to animal protein) instead of animal
proteins.
13.
My prediction is because this virus has a RNA dependent RNA
polymerase which can mutate at its own will the epidemic will last at
least a decade until the herd immunity takes its toll but by then
another virus more potent than this will emerge from a viral
laboratory that do do not have rigid protocols and closely not
monitored by a regulatory authority.
14.
I believe all developed countries and China may be developing
biological weapons secretly and science (biological) may be killed by
its own science initiative.
Regulation
is mandatory!
Coronavirus
Morphology
Coronaviruses
are large pleomorphic spherical particles with bulbous surface
projections.
The
diameter of the virus particles is around 120 nm.
The
envelope of the virus in electron micrographs appears as a distinct
pair of electron dense shells.
The
viral envelope consists of a lipid bilayer where the membrane (M),
envelope (E) and spike (S) structural proteins are anchored.
A
subset of coronaviruses (specifically the members of Betacoronavirus
subgroup A) also have a shorter spike-like surface protein called
hemagglutinin esterase (HE).
Inside
the envelope, there is the nucleocapsid, which is formed from
multiple copies of the nucleocapsid (N) protein, which are bound to
the positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome in a continuous
beads-on-a-string type conformation.The genome size for coronaviruses
ranges from approximately 27 to 34 kilobases.
The
lipid bilayer envelope, membrane proteins, and nucleocapsid protect
the virus when it is outside the host cell.
Coronavirus
Replication
Infection
begins when the virus enters the host organism and the spike protein
attaches to its complementary host cell receptor. After attachment, a
protease of the host cell cleaves and activates the receptor-attached
spike protein. Depending on the host cell protease available,
cleavage and activation allows cell entry through endocytosis or
direct fusion of the viral envelop with the host membrane.
On
entry into the host cell, the virus particle is uncoated, and its
genome enters the cell cytoplasm.[
The
coronavirus RNA genome has a 5′ methylated cap and a 3′
polyadenylated tail, which allows the RNA to attach to the host
cell's ribosome for translation.
The
host ribosome translates the initial overlapping open reading frame
of the virus genome and forms a long polyprotein.
The
polyprotein has its own proteases which cleave the polyprotein into
multiple nonstructural proteins.
A
number of the nonstructural proteins coalesce to form a multi-protein
replicase-transcriptase complex (RTC).
The
main replicase-transcriptase protein is the RNA-dependent RNA
polymerase (RdRp).
It
is directly involved in the replication and transcription of RNA from
an RNA strand. The other nonstructural proteins in the complex assist
in the replication and transcription process. The exoribonuclease
non-structural protein for instance provides extra fidelity to
replication by providing a proofreading
function which the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase lacks.
One
of the main functions of the complex is to replicate the viral
genome. RdRp directly mediates the synthesis of negative-sense
genomic RNA from the positive-sense genomic RNA. This is followed by
the replication of positive-sense genomic RNA from the negative-sense
genomic RNA.
The
other important function of the complex is to transcribe the viral
genome. RdRp directly mediates the synthesis of negative-sense
subgenomic RNA molecules from the positive-sense genomic RNA. This is
followed by the transcription of these negative-sense subgenomic RNA
molecules to their corresponding positive-sense mRNAs.
The
replicated positive-sense genomic RNA becomes the genome of the
progeny viruses.
The
mRNAs are gene transcripts of the last third of the virus genome
after the initial overlapping reading frame. These mRNAs are
translated by the host's ribosomes into the structural proteins and a
number of accessory proteins.
RNA
translation occurs inside the endoplasmic reticulum. The viral
structural proteins S, E, and M move along the secretory pathway into
the Golgi intermediate compartment. There, the M proteins direct most
protein-protein interactions required for assembly of viruses
following its binding to the nucleocapsid.
Progeny
viruses are then released from the host cell by exocytosis through
secretory vesicles.
