Wednesday, November 19, 2025

XivaStudio-Big Linux Derivative

I am wrong.

It is coming from Portugal.

Thank YOU.

This distribution let you do lot of customizations from minimal to big.

Xiva-Studio-Big Linux Derivative

These guys have done a good job.

It would be fantastic on a Laptop.

It is an ARCH based ditribution.

No wonder it is based on Manjaro.

It is Big Linux and I did not give enough space and the beauty was it did skip bulky blender and a the browsers and completed the installation without freezing.

No space left after installation and I am going to Reinstall with less applications.

I would do minimal installation to begin with. This time only audio utilities and browsers.

It needs at least 30GB for full installation.

Desktop can be customized from old to modern to laptop.

Installation is risk.

Got Gnome on top of KDE.

It looks like an Indian guy has made this out of Big Linux. I am referring to Xiva.

I do not like Lord Siva.

This is KDE and does not come from X11.

I am a X11 supporter and hate Compositor of Ubuntu. 

I am a Gnome guy and I have everything including Blender under its hood.

Guys new to Linux are scarred to talk about Debian Grandfather of all Linux including Ubuntu.

I tried a Big Linux simply because  a veteran guy of Linux made YouTube presentation admiring its presentation which I would like to disagree, to begin with.

Linux guys are used to flaming but this piece is not for flaming but statement of facts.

Anything Big I disagree.

I believe in Small is Beautiful concept. 

That was why I shunned Microsoft Windows 25 years ago, never to return to Window's Base, looking back it was a grand success.

My current vision is to make Linux PC share tops 10% before my demise and it has topped 5%.

I hate ZORIN OS which tries to emulate Windows and failed miserably.

It comes from United Kingdom. 

Big Linux is also trying to emulate Windows and it is a bit of a sore point.

 One has to stand on the strength of Linux Base  and innovate and not emulate a bad Window's product.

Kiss Linux and Linux Code

 By the way, I made a LaTEX document today to open in lyx.

Won't tell you how. 

If one wants a list of Linux CODE, what one has to do is to find KISS Linux from an archive (it is dormant) and extract the tar file,

In the bin and elsewhere one find the code from A-Z. 

None of the code is functional. 

I tried to copy them here but Google Won't let me and rightly so due to CODE Content.

I have no patience to write them in legible English here.

I am not doing any Coding now. 

I would write 10 randomly.

1.awk

2. bison

3. login

4. losetup

5. pstree 

6. shred 

7. touch 

8.whoami 

9. mktemp 

10. nestat 

11.objdump 

 

LaTeX

 LaTeX

LaTeX is not proprietary, but a free, open-source software distributed under the LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL). 

It is available to use for free, with no license fees, and can be supported by donations. 

Origin

TeX, the original typesetting system, was created by Donald Knuth and released under an open-source license. 

LaTeX, a macro package built on TeX, was later developed by Leslie Lamport and is also free software.

Licensing 

The LPPL is a free software license that is compatible with the Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG). 

While the LPPL is not compatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL), it requires modified files to be clearly distinguishable from the originals to prevent "dependency hell".

Availability

LaTeX is available for most operating systems and is included in many TeX distributions. You can download and use it without paying for a license.
    

Support 

The developers invite users who are satisfied with LaTeX to support its maintenance and development through donations to the TeX Users Group

Linux Programming Languages

I am a Medical Guy in retirement.

 I cannot believe I did most of my Linux working while active in service and also Teaching Pathology. 

Thanks to Google Blog Post I posted then from 2011.

I am picking them and revisiting them while writing a Big Book on Linux with some nostalgia. 

Linux Programming Languages

1. Vi was my beginning but later went to Vim.

 

2. PHP MyAdmin was my Samba and Server friend but I do not want to touch it in my old age.

 

3. Perl was my attraction

Being a Writer this was an attraction and quickly settle down on 28MB Abiword.

 

4. Lyx and Gambas (no more Latex now but it's derivatives)

 I yesterday found that Chinese guys have come out with LATEX.

No wonder with so many characters in their language they have to fiddle with LaTex.

 

LaTEX is the Original but NOT Proprietary

 

4. Abiword

Is a word processor and a command line functionality.

It is over 250MB and is my work horse and it has its development package but very few has time for it.

 

Debian 12.10- - - dropped it so, I will stick with 12.9--.

 

1. C

Linux is written in C and this where I started coding.

 

2. C++

I did not waste time on C++

 

3. Python

Python was the one which attracted to me on Linux in the book Joy of Linux. It is versatile but so long I gave up.

 

4. Java I really liked when it had Java phones which one could manipulate. 

 

One cannot find a Java phone now.

 

5. JavaScript I hate because it is cross platform.

 

6. Bash/Shell is unique

I still read Linux Bible when I decide to look at a shell script for fun.

 

Latest Linux Bible is by the side of me. 

 

7.  Perl was my attraction until I settled down in Abiword.

 

8. Go of Google.

I collected its package in Ubuntu which was 1.2GB when it became 2.4GB, I gave it up.

It has over 75 lines of code at which level I stopped counting

 

Go is Linux based and BULKY.

 

9. Ruby

Ruby on rails was web development language which I had a little flash when I first developed my first Private Web Place with WordProcess.com (not .og organization which has gone commercial now) long before Google was born

I still have it and I have forgotten my Yahoo.Mail (I am going to activate it when I am ready with the 5 books, currently working on, with very slow progress. By the way, Linux Essentials is reaching 500 pages). 

I want it keep (WordPress) it as it is and I do not want to post any more there. 

It now active but one need to go searching for my web site’s name.

 

10. Rust is new and I have no knowledge except Ubuntu trying to Reinvent Linux. It is going to be  either flash in the pan or making money which was not the intention of Ubuntu Master GURU.

 

11. Swift

It is macOS which I have no interest.

 

13.  Haskell and compiz compositor is supposed to be for Research Work with very little FAT in its CORE.

It is on black terminal and until it becomes with a simple graphic front, I won’t try it.

 

14. R is the only statistical package for Linux.

It comes as Octave and is very large package.

I think it was developed in New Zealand.

not when I was roaming in South Island.

 

15. PHP

Server side scripting language which has become plump and may be a pest and takes over your system.

Fundamentals of Linux and Basic Languages

Fundamentals of Linux and Basic Languages

Binary code is the most basic form of computer code, consisting of two numbers: 0 and 1. These numbers form the basic layer of all computing systems and are the primary language of digital technologies. Binary code uses combinations of these two numbers to represent numbers, letters, or other types of information.

This the language the hardware understands.

Machine does not understand our vernacular language, so three levels of languages had to be developed to communicate with hardware.  These were all incremental steps and nothing came out of the blue.

Compiler

In computing, a compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language). The name "compiler" is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high level programming language to a low level programming language (e.g. assembly language, object code, or machine code) to create an executable program.

Interpreter

In computer science, an interpreter is a computer program that directly executes instructions written in a programming or scripting language, without requiring them previously to have been compiled into a machine language program. An interpreter generally uses one of the following strategies for program execution:

Parse the source code and perform its behavior directly.

Translate source code into some efficient intermediate representation or object code and immediately execute that.

Explicitly execute stored precompiled bytecode made by a compiler and matched with the interpreter's virtual machine.

Early versions of Lisp programming language and minicomputer and microcomputer Basic dialects would be examples of the first type.

Perl, Raku, Python, MATLAB, and Ruby are examples of the second, while UCSD Pascal is an example of the third type.

Source programs are compiled ahead of time and stored as machine independent code, which is then linked at run time and executed by an interpreter and/or compiler. Some systems, such as Smalltalk and contemporary versions of Basic and Java, may also combine two and three types. Interpreters of various types have also been constructed for many languages traditionally associated with compilation, such as Algol, Fortran, Cobol, C and C++.

While interpretation and compilation are the two main means by which programming languages are implemented, they are not mutually exclusive, as most interpreting systems also perform some translation work, just like compilers. The terms "interpreted language" or "compiled language" signify that the canonical implementation of that language is an interpreter or a compiler, respectively.

A high level language is ideally an abstraction independent of particular implementations.

Low Level Language

Low Level Language refers to a type of programming language that is closer to machine code and hardware than high-level languages. It provides direct control over the computer's hardware and resources, allowing programmers to write code at a more granular level..

High Level Language

In computer science, a high level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer. In contrast to low level programming languages, it may use natural language elements, be easier to use, or may automate (or even hide entirely) significant areas of computing systems (e.g. memory management), making the process of developing a program simpler and more understandable than when using a lower level language. The amount of abstraction provided defines how "high-level" a programming language is.

Examples of high level programming languages in active use today include Python, JavaScript, Visual Basic, Delphi, Perl, PHP, ECMAScript, Ruby, C#, Java and many others.

The terms high-level and low-level are inherently relative.

JAVA

JAVA

There are other programming languages in Linux

Python

Ruby

Perl

C

C++

Problem with JAVA it can bring in Bugs to other system including Linux.

So learn to work on Python and Ruby which can be checked for bugs before implementation in Linux.

Reproduction

What are the differences between Java, Core Java and Advanced Java?

How do you differentiate between the 3 of them?

Arundhati Kanungo, works at SAP

Answered Jun 26, 2016

Originally Answered: What are the differences between Java, Core Java and Advanced Java?

Java, Java Everywhere Too Confused, Right???

Come, I will solve your doubt

What is Java?

Java is a general-purpose computer programming language that is concurrent, class-based, object-oriented, and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere" (WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation.

Different Editions of Java Platform:

J2SE (Java Platform, Standard Edition)

Also known as Core Java, this is the most basic and standard version of Java. It’s the purest form of Java, a basic foundation for all other editions. It consists of a wide variety of general purpose API’s (like java.lang, java.util) as well as many special purpose APIs. J2SE is mainly used to create applications for Desktop environment. It consist all the basics of Java the language, variables, primitive data types, Arrays, Streams, Strings Java Database Connectivity(JDBC) and much more. This is the standard, from which all other editions came out, according to the needs of the time.

J2EE (Java Platform, Enterprise Edition)

The Enterprise version of Java, also called Advanced Java, has a much larger usage of Java, like development of web services, networking, server side scripting and other various web based applications. J2EE is a community driven edition, i.e. there is a lot of continuous contributions from industry experts, Java developers and other open source organisations. J2EE uses many components of J2SE, as well as, has many new features of it’s own like Servlets, JavaBeans, Java Message Services, adding a whole new functionalities to the language. J2EE uses HTML, CSS, JavaScript etc., so as to create web pages and web services. It’s also one of the most widely accepted web development standard.

J2ME (Java Platform, Micro Edition)

This version of Java is mainly concentrated for the applications running on embedded systems, mobiles and small devices. Also, the J2ME apps help in using web compression technologies, which in turn, reduce network usage, and hence cheap internet accessibility. J2ME uses many libraries and API’s of J2SE, as well as, many of it’s own. The basic aim of this edition was to work on mobiles, wireless devices, set top boxes etc. Old Nokia phones, which used Symbian OS, used this technology.

Other Editions of Java

Apart from these three versions, there was another Java version released, Java Card. This edition was targeted, to run applets smoothly and securely on smart cards and similar technology. Portability and security was its main features.

JavaFX is another such edition of Java technology, which is now merged with J2SE. It is mainly used, to create rich GUI (Graphical User Interface) in Java apps. It replaces Swings (in J2SE), with itself as the standard GUI library. It is supported by both Desktop environment as well as web browsers.

PersonalJava was another edition, which was not deployed much, as its function was fulfilled by further versions of J2ME. Made to support World Wide Web (and Java applets) and consumer electronics. PersonalJava was also used for embedded systems and mobile. But, it was discontinued in its earlier stages.

Hope Core Java, Advanced Java and Java are well differentiated now. The relationship between them is as below.

Love Java!!! Live Java!!!

What is the difference between Linux and Java?

Java is a programming environment  platform independent. What it means is, it can be ported to many operating systems. Due to this loose meaning of its interoperability it has many bugs (depending on the system).

Linux try to use it sparingly due its buggy nature, whereas Windows use it heavily.

Java is not the only programing language in this world and Linux, it has Python, Ruby, Perl C and  C++ and many more tightly integrated.

Github is its known parent form maintained by Linus himself. Linux is an operating system based on C language (developed by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie) and is basically a very long -long text file with millions of lines and code with bug  tracking capability.

It has many other programming languages embedded and integrated within its running and the Kernel's job is to make complex jobs seem simple in operation. It has modules and Libraries that are dynamically linked when needed. There are both streamlined and parallel programs running together to make it a very stable environment unlike Windows. It is not a one man or one team's job but the effort of collaborative community with Linus at top conducting the massive Opera.

Python, USB Pendrives and Portability

Python, USB Pendrives and Portability

To me small is beautiful.

Physical not Virtual portability is innovative and a blessings.

Python is long and is longer than an anaconda.

But a very small script of Python is stable and reliable and one cannot erase it. That is the virtue of Python unlike other programming languages. I am looking for a Python instruction book for three years. The idea was to fiddle with Python in my free time.

Instead of trying Linux on a gaming environment.

I wanted to carry my Linux operating system in a USB stick long time ago when USB sticks hit the market.

It was a difficult preposition.

The Pendrive Linux site changed my outlook.

It had a Python script that one can download and add seamlessly any supported Linux distribution to boot from a USB stick. This was difficult with Debian and Debian is not light weight to fit a sfs file. Debian is meant for installing but some Live DVDs in GNOME and KDE are available.

Before that only Puppy Linux could do that in small scale with less than 100MB.

Knoppix can do that in a big scale with persistent volume. I still have two of those primitive USB sticks booting on a Legacy BIOS device or PC.      I decided to organise my numerous USB sticks and erase duplicates except that contained bootable USB with bootable sfs files made by MutliSystem (French Utility). Only one could not be erased and it contained the one Python expanded file and a MultiSystem Linux file and a few of my text files written in Abiword. Python takes over the booting mechanism of the USB and all my attempt to erase or clean the stick was not possible. I tried even FATPup and I get an error message only readable not writable.

So beware and be careful with Python.

I hate bulky Word Processes especially Microsoft and do my work with AbiWord.  It is tiny compatible with Windows but essentially a programs interface, that can be shared in the Internet and make tiny text files.

In my case books written by me for publication. LibreOffice, again coming from France, I use only to add a few features to the ported AbiWord file, ready for publishing in a book format.

Problem with Microsoft Macros is they are bulky and their page format cannot be resized to Thesis Specifications. In other words Microsoft Macro are not compatible with each other but sits on top of another making it a very bulky end product.

I used AbiWord for my thesis,too.

All self learning which I have perfected from childhood. Now, Python for heavy work and AbiWotd in program mode for tiny work like writing a book not a leaflet or brochure. There is bulky T Text for working on mainframe computers.

WPS is a good alternative in an Android environment with classic and light weight downloads with lot of features.

Linux is always a text file easy to handle.

Mind you I could not format one MicroSD locally purchased. All the others SD cards are in my cellphones or mounted on a USB compatible mounters.

Gambas

 Gambas

Gambas is a free development environment based on a Basic interpreter with object extensions, a bit like Visual Basic™ (but it is NOT a clone!).

Read the introduction for more information.

With Gambas, you can quickly design your program GUI with QT or GTK+, access MySQL, PostgreSQL, Firebird, ODBC and SQLite databases, pilot KDE applications with DCOP, translate your program into any language, create network applications easily, make 3D OpenGL applications, make CGI web applications, and many more robust work.

The Gambas project aims at making a graphical development environment based on a Basic interpreter, so that the language is as easy as Visual Basic under Linux but much better and less bugs.

The phenomenal quantity of bugs and inconsistencies in Visual Basic had persuaded developer me to start a fresh project. It seems that Microsoft was aware of the poor quality of its language, as VB, dot-Net (.Net) was not made backward compatible with older versions of Visual Basic.

Gambas does not try to be compatible with Visual Basic, and will never be. Its syntax and internals are far better than the one's seen in its proprietary cousin.

The author who had very good understanding of Visual Basic from childhood, took from Visual Basic, the Basic language, the development environment and the user interfaces and dropped the bad practices in common use of Visual Basic program and made Gambas coherent, logical and reliable as possible.

Features

Below are the main features of Gambas and what sets it apart from the other languages. Gambas is a Basic language with object extensions. A program written with Gambas is a set of files. Each file describes a class, in terms of object programming. The class files are compiled, then executed by an interpreter. From this point of view, it is very inspired by Java.

Gambas is made up of the following programs:

A compiler.

An interpreter.

An archiver.

A graphical user interface component.

A development environment.

The development environment is written with Gambas itself, so that I can show the abilities of the language and is useful for debugging.

What are the features that set Gambas from the other languages?

1. A Gambas project is stored under one directory. The archiver transforms the project directory structure in one sole executable file.

2. Compiling a project only requires the compilation of the modified classes. Every external reference of a class is solved dynamically at the execution time.

3. Gambas has a component architecture that allows it to extend the language. Anyone can write components as shared libraries that dynamically add new native classes to the interpreter.

Components can be written in Gambas too. The component architecture is documented in the Wiki encyclopedia.

4. By default, the Gambas interpreter is a text-only program. The component architecture is used for writing the graphical user interface part of the language.

5. As the graphical user interface is implemented as a component, Gambas is independent of any toolkit!

One will be able to write a program, and choose the toolkit later : GTK+, Qt4, etc.

6. The graphical user interface is the Qt4 toolkit. The GTK+ component which is not finished will have almost the same interface as the Qt4 component.

7. Gambas projects are easily translatable, in any language.

8. Its object model is simple but powerful.

About the Author

Welcome to you, curious!

You're going to know almost everything about me...

My name is Benoît Minisini.

I am a French man born in 1972, living in Paris. Programming is one my passion since I was twelve, and is now my job for many years now. This passion started with the Basic language on a CPC Amstrad 464, and later on an Atari 520 STE. Of course, now, I am using many other languages, but I never forgot that I have learned and done a lot with Basic.

I was always fond of writing languages, compilers, assemblers, and interpreters. I wrote a Z80 assembler on Amstrad and an interpreted language that consumed all its memory.

Later, during my studies at the E.P.I.T.A., I wrote a Lisp interpreter under Windows. During six months, I discovered its stupid memory model, the Microsoft compiler, and its numerous bugs.

Today, I keep on raging with the Gambas

Thanks to my boss, I have a half-time job, so I have worked actively on Gambas for the last years.

But I have other passions too, that burns lot of my time. That is music .

I'm playing flute for a long time - and theatre.

So, the development of Gambas is not as fast as it could be.

I hope your curiosity was satisfied...

Acknowledgement

Gambas is build on top of many free softwares, and could not exist without them.

So I would like to thank every people involved in the following projects:

Linux

KDE

GCC and all of the GNU tools, of course.

The Qt4 toolkit.

The GIMP and its toolkit GTK+

Libre Office.

The MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQLite database management systems.

And any other libraries used by Gambas.

That is enough for as an introduction to language packages.

I pronounce it as Gon (a bull) Bass (is unskilled workman) in Sinhala which is the phrase we use when the workman does a shoddy job. But that reference has no slur on this wonderful package which love the most. Unfortunately only few of the distributions port it as is.

That is why I was very expressive here.

It needs to be there for the young newbies to take root in Linux.

PapugLinux

PapugLinux

Dear PapugLinux users,

PapugLinux-11.1 is available for download, this is a major release in term of package update.

We choose to focus our additions on development tools for this version. The great Python language comes in 2 versions (2.7 and 3.1) and we also include Subversion and the very popular Git as version control systems. This could make PapugLinux a great bundle to start to learn Python or simply browse the open-source projects all over the world.

The live running-mode uses new tools and another compression format, this results in more content in a smaller size.

The desktop image credit goes to Flavio Takemoto from Brazil, this artist has a great portfolio of artwork.

Kindest regards,

Core

2.6 kernel

ALSA sound driver

X.Org X-Window server

Desktop

Fluxbox window manager

Mozilla Firefox web browser

AbiWord word processor

Gnumeric spreadsheet processor

Bluefish editor

Various CDR/DVDR tool

FR, PL, and US keyboard support

Server

Apache web server

Cups print server

ProFTP ftp server

Ssh server

Boot your computer with Papug Linux, then launch a terminal from the menu (RoxTerm, XTerm) and log as root (password papuglinux).

$ su -

You must create two partitions on your hard disk, if you don't plan to use the whole disk, be sure to backup your data. One partition will be used for the system and must be sized to 1.2GB or more. The other partition will be used for the swap and should be sized more or less the double of your RAM capacity.

The easiest way to do this operation is to use GParted as the file systems will be created in the same time. An alternative way using 'fdisk' and command line tools is possible in text mode.

# gparted

GParted will scan your devices, this can take a long time. Create the system partition using 'ext3' file system, most of users would also make this partition bootable. Then create the swap partition. Please refer to GParted website if you need more informations.

Note the partitions name used, it will be needed for later operations. Most of users should have /dev/hda1, /dev/hda2 or /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2.

After preparing your disk, you can proceed to the installation. This process will mainly copy the content of the Live CD to your hard disk, then perform some needed operations.

In the following code, be careful to correctly set the parameters, the first one is the system partition, the second one is the swap partition.

# cd /root/install

# ./install.sh [system_partition] [swap_partition]

(eg. ./install.sh /dev/hda1 /dev/hda2)

Most of users will have to make PapugLinux bootable on their computer. If you have another system installed on your computer (Linux or Windows) skip this operation, you need to manually set up the boot loader, you can email me for help if needed.

Once again be careful when typing the following code. The first parameter is the system partition, the second parameter is the disk id (mostly the same as the system partition except the last number which represents the partition).

# ./install-boot.sh [system_partition] [disk_id]

(eg. ./install-boot.sh /dev/hda1 /dev/hda)

PapugLinux should now be installed on your computer. Exit the terminal then reboot your computer. Remove the Live CD during the computer startup process.

BSD is Beautiful

 Berkeley Software Distribution and My OEM Laptop Hijacked by Microsoft

You have to put up with this piece which is technical but I will put it in simple English but mixed with a few jargon words of computer science.

I wanted to call "a stop" to Internet and its protocols but still, mostly I believe guys,  visit my blog space, and I decided to continue it bit longer but it will come to a stop eventually like a dramatic divorce case of Bill Gate but simmering it for years before, like his hopeless operating system in the name Windows.

The machines do not have emotions or brains but are dedicated to doing a particular process, like vending machines distributing soft drinks (it is software or a dedicated program, in computer science).

Now my laptop has no operating system running since I accidentally erased my BSD dedicated ESP boot plan.

I was bored due to Coronavirus incarceration and decided to boot Ubuntu 20 version as a supplementary version to Debian.

It reverted my laptop to Microsoft pirated U.E.F.I. and it says there is no operating system, in spite me installing two, Debian 9 and 10 versions.

Even Debian finds shy of touching U.E.F.I.

Why?

I do not know.

? Litigation by Bill Gate cronies?

But TrueOS a BSD version does it in a flash and takes over the computer under its umbrella. 

TrueOS is defunct now. 

TrueOS is totally.destructive in the hands of a newbie. 

To complicate the matter I pulled out the Ethernet Wire and burned it (a few broken parts and I do not have a crimpler to connect the working lengths).

I decided to go WiFi and pulled the Ethernet wire out of the router. 

My bed room is 80 feet Ethernet wire distance away and pulling in a costly wire is not healthy at my age with thunderstorms day and night.

TCP/IP and router protocol will be at the end of this piece.

I used my Dialog data in a few hours downloading Knoppix which stopped exactly at 30% of download,  not once but twice due to Our Internet Master Ad-Monster interfering with my download well pass midnight.

He may have had a paranoia that I was downloading PORN. 

Now coming to BSD and TrueOS are actually Internet Protocols dedicated Operating Systems and one need an active Internet Connection for installing live.

It was five years ago, I boot loaded the laptop with BSD using Ethernet connection wire but now it can do that by WiFi and it detected all my carriers but with the data blocked by Dialog (they only want money nothing but no service supercharge or temporary extension), I have to eat a humble pie or is it a lie like Boris Johnson in UK.

Mind you our Water Bill is more than the Internet Bill with a broken pipe leaking for one month or so without our notice.

Thankfully they did not disconnect the water unlike Telecoms.

Mind you, I have stopped answering the land phone or giving any calls.

Only one news, Coronavirus and Coronavirus comes through it.

Now to the technical stuff.

BSD is platform independent unlike Unix and is a Internet Protocol dedicated system.

If internet is out it is out of service.

1. BSD is platform or computer independent.

It does not matter what operating system you use, an expensive Apple or inexpensive supercharged Linux.

2. It is Internet protocol dedicated.

3. It uses Virtual Memory handsomely.

4. Its software programs are super fast unlike Microsoft.

5. But its learning curve is deep, if you are using the Black Terminal.

6. It has a Graphic Vi Editor for Ex terminal editor of Unix.

I hate black terminal to soothing graphic terminals.

Linux has soothing Desktops and Plasma is my current favorite.

BSD has only one Lumina desktop which is a  bad start for me.

7. Its handling of ESP is pretty good and erases the UEFI of Microsoft's OEM ploy in seconds without any fear or favour.

8. Its software bundle is lean and fits into a CD not.a DVD.

The rest of the software is in the Internet, now popularly and affectionately known as the cloud.

9. Its server version is slim.

10. It is FREE or freely distributable.

No copyright charges like Apple.

11. It is Unix variant and not Linux variant.

It has teething problems with Linux.

12. It has all the big programming languages like Perl, Ruby, the  Anaconda version and the venerable  Python.

I am still looking for a Python.programing book, for nearly three years.

I will stop at this. the next number is my favourite mathematical number 13.

Like Java Beans the operating system should be platform independent.

Hardware manufacturers should not have roadblocks.

It is OK for Apple, since it supervises its own hardware.

Microsoft does not put money on O.E.M. or hardware development but secretly insinuate U.E.F.I.

Its surface tab is a failure in front of Androids.

T.C.P. and I.P.

When I wrote a book about Internet  many moons ago it had 6 (SIX) or so Engineering protocols and it looks like they are merging some of them and making 4 layers.

1. Data Link Layer with uniform standards or protocols.

2. T.C.P. or the Transfer protocol.

3. I.P. or the dedicated IP address protocol

4. System or hardware based Application protocols providing services.

What happened to the topmost layers?

Eaten up by the Cloud servers or the D.O.D (Department of Defense) protocols of Facebook and Twitter.

I think the CIA has outsourced top two layers  of its services to Facebook and Twitter and earn money in the process.

What a profitable plan?

I always knew their strategy and that is why I stopped using them (Twitter and Facebook) long time ago.

One Drive, Google Drive and Dropbox are putting restrictions on users and are waiting to suck in dollars and pounds.

Me telling, Good Bye to Internet, after 20 years is easy.

IT protocols were owned by big companies in the beginning and the Internet blossomed as an educational platform.

BSD from California Berkeley did a yeoman service in the beginnings making services available to the universities worldwide.

It has gone through the full circle and back to big companies.

Now money only speaks and big companies have a stranglehold on millions of minions.

That is called development and in Ceylon a software is used by Army to snooze on us.

I have nicknamed this software as the proboscis the mosquito use to suck our living blood.

Interestingly, the name of the software start with a P.

There is an appropriate slang or vulgar word starting with P in Sinhala.

What a coincidence?