Monday, November 24, 2025

Russin Linux Distributions

I have tried only Star Linux in the distant past.
I tried MiniOS but it did not boot on EFI System.
I am downloading MiniOS, Star Linux and decert Linux for testing.
 
Not in the list.
Desert Linux 
 
Reproduction from www.distrowatch.com 
 
1. MiniOS (31)
MiniOS is a Debian-based Linux distribution which strives to be lightweight, modular, versatile and customisable. It comes in three editions, "Standard", "Toolbox" and "Ultra". MiniOS "Standard" is a compact system designed for everyday computing tasks, while "Toolbox" is designed for maintenance, diagnostics and recovery of computer systems; it provides a rich set of graphical and console tools for working with disks and partitions, network diagnostics and administration, data security, data and password recovery, hardware fault diagnosis and testing, as well as other utilities. Finally, the "Ultra" variant of MiniOS provides an extensive set of software tools designed both for maintenance and diagnostics of computer systems and for solving a wide range of general office tasks.

2. ALT Linux (49)

ALT Linux was founded in 2001 by a merge of two large Russian free software projects. By the year 2008 it became a large organization developing and deploying free software, writing documentation and technical literature, supporting users, and developing custom products. ALT Linux produces different types of distributions for various purposes. There are desktop distributions for home and office computers and for corporate servers, universal distributions that include a wide variety of development tools and documentation, certified products, distributions specialized for educational institutions, and distributions for low-powered computers. ALT Linux has its own development infrastructure and repository called Sisyphus, which provides the base for all the different editions of ALT Linux.

3. Calculate Linux (72)
Calculate Linux is a Gentoo-based family of three distinguished distributions. Calculate Directory Server (CDS) is a solution that supports Windows and Linux clients via LDAP + SAMBA, providing proxy, mail and Jabbers servers with streamlined user management. Calculate Linux Desktop (CLD) is a workstation and client distribution (with a choice of Cinnamon, KDE Plasma, LXQt, MATE or Xfce desktops) that includes a wizard to configure a connection to Calculate Directory Server. Calculate Linux Scratch (CLS) is a live CD with a build framework for creating a custom distribution.

4. MagOS Linux (74)
MagOS Linux is a Russian desktop-oriented distribution based on ROSA, a distribution that was forked from Mandriva Linux in 2011. It uses the RPM package management. MagOS Linux comes with KDE Plasma desktop by default, but it also ships the lightweight LXQt desktop for older and low-specification computers. Besides the standard upstream packages from ROSA, the project also provides its own RPM package repository (with various network and NVIDIA display drivers), as well as separate modules (in XZM format) with extra hardware drivers, server tools, MATE desktop, Wine emulator, Java software and additional web browsers, including Chromium and Yandex.

5. ReactOS (83)
ReactOS is a free and open-source operating system based on the best design principles found in the Windows NT architecture. Written completely from scratch, ReactOS is not a Linux-based system and it shares none of the UNIX architecture. The main goal of the ReactOS project is to provide an operating system which is binary compatible with Windows. This will allow Windows applications and drivers to run as they would on a Windows system. Additionally, the look and feel of the Windows operating system is used, such that people accustomed to the familiar user interface of Windows would find using ReactOS straightforward. The ultimate goal of ReactOS is to allow people to use it as an alternative to Windows without the need to change software they are used to.

6. Melawy Linux (185)
Melawy Linux is an Arch-based desktop Linux distribution featuring a customised KDE Plasma as the preferred desktop. It uses the alternative XanMod Linux kernel designed for improved performance and responsiveness. Some of the distribution's features include the Calamares installer, a custom-designed rEFInd boot manager, a Plymouth boot screen, and the Simple Desktop Display Manager (SDDM) desktop login manager. Melawy Linux is available in "Base" and "Developer" editions.

7. RED OS (193)
RED OS is an independently-developed Russian Linux distribution for workstations and servers. It uses the RPM and DNG tools for package management. The workstation edition provides a choice of three desktops, KDE Plasma, GNOME and MATE, while the server variant includes a custom server administration utility called RED ADM. The distribution is developed by Russia's RED SOFT, a company that also provides technical support and Linux training, as well as various administration, virtualisation and database software products.

8. ROSA (208)
ROSA is a Russian company developing a variety of Linux-based solutions. Its flagship product, ROSA Desktop, is a Linux distribution featuring a highly customised KDE desktop and a number of modifications designed to enhance the user-friendliness of the working environment. The company also develops an "Enterprise Server" edition of ROSA which is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

9. TileOS (282)
TileOS is a Debian-based desktop Linux distribution featuring a selection of several Wayland tiling compositors, notably Sway, River, Qtile and miracle-wm. It is based on the latest stable Debian release, with some packages, such as the Mesa graphics drivers, back-ported from Debian's "Testing" repository. The distribution comes with many device drivers and non-free firmware included in the base system, some performance optimizations and system tweaks, additional repositories for installing programs not found in Debian (such as OnlyOffice, VirtualBox, Librewolf, Visual Studio Code and Brave), and the Calamares system installer.

10. Runtu (305)
Runtu is a Russian desktop Linux distribution based on Ubuntu's LTS (long-term support) releases. It features full support for Russian and a variety of extra applications, tools and media codecs. There are two separate editions that are produced with a varying degree of frequency; the "Xfce" edition tend to get more attention while the "Lite" edition, featuring the LXDE desktop, is also released and updated from time to time.

11. ClonOS (307)
ClonOS is a turnkey Open Source platform based on FreeBSD and the CBSD framework. ClonOS offers a complete web-based user interface for easily controlling, deploying and managing FreeBSD jails, containers and Bhyve/Xen hyperviser virtual environments.

12. Ximper Linux (338)
Ximper Linux is a Russian, rolling-release distribution based on ALT Linux's development branch called "Sisyphus". The project develops a custom package manager called EPM which enables installing and removing individual software or upgrading the entire distribution with one command. It also includes PortProton, a tool designed to help users run Windows games on Linux systems. Ximper Linux provides a set of live images, with GNOME or Hyprland, and with a flexible system installer that can be used to build any installation scenario, from a minimal system to a complex workstation with various desktop environments.

13. Astra Linux (347)
Astra Linux is a Russian commercial Linux distribution based on the "Stable" branch of Debian, developed by Russia's Astra Group. It was originally created to meet the needs of the Russian army and intelligence agencies, but was later widely adopted by the educational, healthcare and other state institutions, as well as many industrial companies, in order to reduce dependence on Microsoft Windows and other Western software products. Astra's flagship "Special" edition is a commercial product available for desktops, servers, mobile and embedded devices; it comes with support options and the highest level of security certification. The company also provides the unsupported, free-to-use "Common" edition which is based on an older version of Debian.

14. Uncom OS (350)
Uncom OS is Russian commercial Linux distribution based on Ubuntu's long-term support branch and localised into Russian. It is developed by Advilabs-Rus LLC. Some of the distribution's more interesting features include a custom application store, out-of-the-box support for Flatpak packages, a Windows-style dock panel, extended support for VPN protocols, a custom application for restoring system integrity, and use of Bottles to run Windows applications. Besides commercial "Home", "Business" and "Education" editions of Uncom OS, the company also offers a freely downloadable trial variant for testing purposes.

15. UBLinux (353)
UBLinux is an Arch-based Linux distribution developed by Russia's Yubitex. It provides four editions. The freely-downloadable "Basic Desktop" edition is available for personal and non-commercial use, while "UBLinux Education", "UBLinux Desktop Enterprise" and "UBLinux Server" are commercial products. UBLinux "Basic Desktop" uses Xfce as the default desktop environment and includes various popular applications for Internet, office, multimedia and graphics tasks.

16. AlterOS (359)
AlterOS is a Russian, general-purpose Linux distribution based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux. It is developed by ALMI PARTNER, a Russian software development company, and available for personal and professional workstations and servers. Some of the features of AlterOS include optimisation of the Linux kernel and the core libraries for modern hardware, the Cinnamon desktop environment, and pre-installed certificates from the Russian Ministry of Digital Development to ensure integration with government systems and compliance with cybersecurity requirements.

    






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